CuMn2O4/chitosan micro/nanocomposite: Green synthesis, methylene blue removal, and study of kinetic adsorption, adsorption isotherm experiments, mechanism and adsorbent capacity

In this work, we choose a simple, green hydrothermal method for the fabrication of a pure phase of CuMn2O4 nanostructures in the presence of onion as a capping agent, for the first time. In the next step, we synthesized CuMn2O4/chitosan micro/nanocomposite. The structural analysis of nanostructures and composites showed their purity. The results showed that the pre-pared micro/nanocomposites have very efficient adsorption for removing methylene blue. In order to design and analyze the experiments were used response surface methodology (RSM). In the opti-mal conditions, the pH value, adsorbent dose, initial concentration, contact time and stirring speed obtained 6.5, 1.25 g/L, 1 mg/L, 5 min and 500 rpm respectively. Kinetic adsorption and adsorption isotherm experiments were used to investigate the process mechanism and adsorption capacity of CuMn2O4/chitosan composites for methylene blue, for the first time. The value of R2 (0.997) and the qe cal which was close to the qe exp, confirmed the pseudo-first-order kinetic model. Langmuir isotherm model with a qmax of 54.05 mg/g described the experimental data well. KL in this model obtained 0.06, which was in the range of 0-1, which means the adsorption process CuMn2O4/chi-tosan composite for methylene blue was favorable. Moreover, the present adsorbent can be effec-tively used up to five adsorption/desorption cycles.(c) 2023 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of King Saud University. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).

Automated summary

In this study, a pure phase of CuMn2O4 nanostructures were fabricated using a simple and environmentally friendly hydrothermal method with onion as a capping agent. CuMn2O4/chitosan micro/nanocomposite was then synthesized, and the structural analysis confirmed their purity. The prepared micro/nanocomposites exhibited high efficiency in adsorbing methylene blue. Response surface methodology (RSM) was used to design and analyze the experiments, and optimal conditions for adsorption were determined. Kinetic adsorption and adsorption isotherm experiments were conducted to investigate the mechanism and capacity of the CuMn2O4/chitosan composites for methylene blue, and the results showed a favorable adsorption process. Additionally, the adsorbent could be effectively used for five adsorption/desorption cycles.