Coadaptation fostered by the SLIT2-ROBO1 axis facilitates liver metastasis of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma

To explore the mechanism of coadaptation and the potential drivers of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) metastasis to the liver, we study key molecules involved in this process and their translational value. Premetastatic niche (PMN) and macrometastatic niche (MMN) formation in a mouse model is observed via CT combined with 3D organ reconstruction bioluminescence imaging, and then we screen slit guidance ligand 2 (SLIT2) and its receptor roundabout guidance receptor 1 (ROBO1) as important factors. After we confirm the expression and distribution of SLIT2 and ROBO1 in samples from PDAC patients and several mouse models, we discover that SLIT2-ROBO1-mediated coadaptation facilitated the implantation and outgrowth of PDAC disseminated tumour cells (DTCs) in the liver. We also demonstrate the dependence receptor (DR) characteristics of ROBO1 in a follow-up mechanistic study. A neutralizing antibody targeting ROBO1 significantly attenuate liver metastasis of PDAC by preventing the coadaptation effect. Thus, we demonstrate that coadaptation is supported by the DR characteristics in the PMN and MMN. Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) cells can utilise the tumour microenvironment to metastasise to the liver. Here the authors show that hepatoctyes overexpress SLIT2 to enable premetastatic niche formation for ROBO1-positive PDAC cells to support the survival of these tumour cells in the liver.

Automated summary

This study investigates the mechanisms and drivers of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) metastasis to the liver. It identifies SLIT2 and its receptor ROBO1 as important molecules in this process. The study demonstrates that SLIT2-ROBO1-mediated coadaptation facilitates the implantation and outgrowth of PDAC disseminated tumor cells (DTCs) in the liver. The study also shows that the dependence receptor (DR) characteristics of ROBO1 support coadaptation in the premetastatic niche (PMN) and macrometastatic niche (MMN).