4.3 Article

Breath analysis by ultra-sensitive broadband laser spectroscopy detects SARS-CoV-2 infection

Journal

JOURNAL OF BREATH RESEARCH
Volume 17, Issue 3, Pages -

Publisher

IOP Publishing Ltd
DOI: 10.1088/1752-7163/acc6e4

Keywords

mid-infrared frequency comb laser; cavity enhancement; breath analysis; machine learning; COVID-19; SARS-CoV-2

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Rapid testing is crucial in combating pandemics like COVID-19. We investigated breath detection of SARS-CoV-2 using cavity-enhanced direct frequency comb spectroscopy and found it to be an effective alternative, rapid, and non-invasive test for COVID-19. This technique also shows potential for optical diagnoses of various biological conditions.
Rapid testing is essential to fighting pandemics such as coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), the disease caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Exhaled human breath contains multiple volatile molecules providing powerful potential for non-invasive diagnosis of diverse medical conditions. We investigated breath detection of SARS-CoV-2 infection using cavity-enhanced direct frequency comb spectroscopy (CE-DFCS), a state-of-the-art laser spectroscopic technique capable of a real-time massive collection of broadband molecular absorption features at ro-vibrational quantum state resolution and at parts-per-trillion volume detection sensitivity. Using a total of 170 individual breath samples (83 positive and 87 negative with SARS-CoV-2 based on reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction tests), we report excellent discrimination capability for SARS-CoV-2 infection with an area under the receiver-operating-characteristics curve of 0.849(4). Our results support the development of CE-DFCS as an alternative, rapid, non-invasive test for COVID-19 and highlight its remarkable potential for optical diagnoses of diverse biological conditions and disease states.

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