Production and Utilization of Keratin and Sericin-Based Electro-Spun Nanofibers: A Comprehensive Review

This article review is devoted to throw the light on the unique characteristics of keratin- and sericin-based electro-spun nanofibers which make them suitable for various applications in different fields. The principles of electro-spinning together with the various devices usually used to fabricate nanofibers are also highlighted. The chemistry of keratin and sericin bio-polymers and the methods of extraction from their respective natural resources, such as wool and natural silk fibers, were criticized. Blending of keratin or sericin with various natural and synthetic polymeric materials to improve their rheological properties to obtain electro-spinnable composite suitable for production of functional nano-fibrous mat was discussed. Incorporation of nanosized metals and metal oxides as well as bioactive materials into keratin and sericin-based electro-spun nanofibers imparts new functions to the produced nanofibres. The utilization of these functional nano-fibrous mats in biomedical, filtration and smart textile applications was illustrated. The current status and future prospects of the electro-spun nanofibers were highlighted.

Automated summary

This article reviews the unique characteristics of keratin- and sericin-based electro-spun nanofibers and their applications in various fields. It highlights the principles of electro-spinning and the devices used for nanofiber fabrication. The chemistry of keratin and sericin bio-polymers and the methods of extraction from natural resources are discussed, as well as blending with other materials to improve their properties. The incorporation of nanosized metals, metal oxides, and bioactive materials into these nanofibers and their utilization in biomedical, filtration, and smart textile applications are illustrated. The current status and future prospects of electro-spun nanofibers are emphasized.