Two-dimensional (2D) flood analysis and calibration of stormwater drainage systems using geographic information systems

In recent years, there has been severe flooding in urban areas as well as coastal and river flooding. Urban flooding is exacerbated by climate change, urbanization, growing population, and the increase of impervious surfaces in urban areas. Stormwater drainage systems that discharge stormwater to a safe location in urban areas are becoming increasingly important. The objective of this study is to analyze and calibrate the flood performance of stormwater drainage systems currently used in the central region of Malatya in a potential flood situation using geographic information systems and the InfoWorks ICM. The model was created using the land use type, buildings, and digital elevation model (DEM), and the analysis was performed by exposing stormwater drainage systems to rainfall events of 5, 10, and 15 min of duration for return periods of 2, 5, and 10 years. The model was then validated using field-observed rainfall and flood data and its performance was evaluated using R2, NSE, RMSE, and MAE metrics. The results showed that the eight stormwater drainage systems currently in operation cannot fully convey stormwater and may pose a risk of loss of life and property in residential areas. In addition, the severity of the flooding was found to increase with an increasing return period.

Automated summary

In recent years, severe flooding has occurred in urban, coastal, and river areas. This flooding is worsened by climate change, urbanization, population growth, and increased impervious surfaces in cities. Effective stormwater drainage systems are essential to mitigate urban flooding. This study used geographic information systems and InfoWorks ICM to analyze and calibrate the flood performance of stormwater drainage systems in the central region of Malatya. The results showed that the current systems may pose risks to residential areas and that flooding severity increases with longer return periods.