Neuroendocrine regulation in stroke

The neuroendocrine system, a crosstalk between the central nervous system and endocrine glands, balances and controls hormone secretion and their functions. Neuroendocrine pathways and mechanisms often get dysregulated following stroke, leading to altered hormone secretion and aberrant receptor expression. Dysregulation of the hypothalamus-pituitary-thyroid (HPT) axis and hypothala- mus-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis often led to severe stroke outcomes. Post - stroke complications such as cognitive impairment, depression, infection etc. are directly or indirectly influenced by the altered neuroendocrine activity that plays a crucial role in stroke vulnerability and susceptibility. Therefore, it is imper- ative to explore various neurohormonal inter-relationships in regulating stroke, its outcome, and prognosis. Here, we review the biology of different hormones asso- ciated with stroke and explore their regulation with a view towards prospective therapeutics.

Automated summary

The neuroendocrine system, which is the interaction between the central nervous system and endocrine glands, plays a crucial role in balancing and controlling hormone secretion and functions. Following a stroke, the neuroendocrine pathways and mechanisms often become dysregulated, leading to altered hormone secretion and aberrant receptor expression. This dysregulation of the neuroendocrine activity can directly or indirectly influence post-stroke complications and play a significant role in stroke vulnerability and susceptibility. Therefore, it is important to explore the interrelationships between various neurohormones to better understand stroke and develop potential therapeutics.