Development of coumarin derivatives as fluoride ion sensor

Fluoride ion is a vital trace element present in human body and a well-known very strong Lewis's base, its deficiency or overabundance creates severe hazards towards human health and environment. In this context, development of sensors for selective and sensitive detection of fluoride ion over other biolog-ically competing anions is highly necessary. Coumarins, because of its unique properties like easy to derivatize, lower toxicity, high fluorescence quantum yield, large Stokes shift and excellent photo sta-bility encouraged the researcher's worldwide for development of coumarin-based fluoride ion sensor. Herein, we described the development of coumarin based fluoride ion sensors since last two decades in an orderly manner. Most of the coumarin based receptors discussed here, selectively and sensitively detect fluoride ions based on the mechanism of fluoride ion induced hydrogen bonding/deprotonation/ cleavage of any bulkier groups.(c) 2023 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Automated summary

Fluoride ion is an important trace element in the human body with potential hazards if deficient or excessive. Developing sensors for selective and sensitive detection of fluoride ion is necessary due to its competition with other biologically active anions. Coumarins have unique properties that make them ideal for developing fluoride ion sensors, and this paper summarizes the development of coumarin-based sensors over the past two decades. These sensors utilize hydrogen bonding/deprotonation/cleavage mechanisms to selectively and sensitively detect fluoride ions.