Recapitulating Antioxidant and Antibacterial Compounds into a Package for Tissue Regeneration: Dual Function Materials with Synergistic Effect

Oxidative damage and infection can prevent or delay tissue repair. Moreover, infection reinforces reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation, which makes the wound's condition even worse. Therefore, the need for antioxidant and antibacterial agents is felt for tissue regeneration. There are emerging up-and-coming biomaterials that recapitulate both properties into a package, offering an effective solution to turn the wound back into a healing state. In this article, the principles of antioxidant and antibacterial activity are summarized. The review starts with biological aspects, getting the readers to familiarize themselves with tissue barriers against infection. This is followed by the chemistry and mechanism of action of antioxidant and antibacterial materials (dual function). Eventually, the outlook and challenges are underlined to provide where the dual-function biomaterials are and where they are going in the future. It is expected that the present article inspires the designing of dual-function biomaterials to more advanced levels by providing the fundamentals and comparative points of view and paving the clinical way for these materials.

Automated summary

Oxidative damage and infection can hinder tissue repair, and infection aggravates the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), exacerbating the condition of wounds. Therefore, there is a need for antioxidant and antibacterial agents in tissue regeneration. This article summarizes the principles of antioxidant and antibacterial activity, discussing the biological aspects of tissue barriers against infection, the chemistry and mechanism of action of dual-function antioxidant and antibacterial materials. The article also highlights future prospects and challenges for these biomaterials, aiming to inspire advanced designs and pave the way for their clinical application.