What does open peer review bring to scientific articles? Evidence from PLoS journals

This study examined the impact of open peer review (OPR) on the usage and citations of scientific articles using a dataset of 6441 articles published in six Public Library of Science (PLoS) journals in 2020-2021. We compared OPR articles with their non-OPR counterparts in the same journal to determine whether OPR increased the visibility and citations of the articles. Our results demonstrated a positive association between OPR and higher article page views, saving, sharing, and a greater HTML to PDF conversion rate. However, we also found that OPR articles had a lower PDF to citations conversion rate compared to non-OPR articles. Furthermore, we investigated the effects of OPR on citations across various citation databases, including Web of Science, Scopus, Google Scholar, Semantic Scholar, and Dimensions. Our analysis indicated that OPR had a heterogeneous impact on citations across these databases. These findings provide compelling evidence for stakeholders, such as policymakers, publishers, and researchers, to participate in OPR and promote its adoption in scientific publishing. Additionally, our study underscores the importance of carefully selecting bibliographic databases when assessing the effect of OPR on article citations.

Automated summary

This study examined the impact of open peer review (OPR) on the usage and citations of scientific articles using a dataset of 6441 articles published in six Public Library of Science (PLoS) journals in 2020-2021. OPR was found to have a positive association with higher article page views, saving, sharing, and HTML to PDF conversion rate; however, OPR articles had a lower PDF to citations conversion rate compared to non-OPR articles. The effects of OPR on citations varied across different citation databases. These findings provide compelling evidence to promote the adoption of OPR in scientific publishing and highlight the importance of careful selection of bibliographic databases when assessing its impact on article citations.