Journal
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
Volume 871, Issue -, Pages -Publisher
ELSEVIER
DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.162189
Keywords
Nanoplastic; Reproductive toxicity; Paeoniflorin; C; elegans
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The reproductive toxicity of 20 nm polystyrene nanoparticles (PS-NP) in Caenorhabditis elegans was investigated, and it was found that PS-NP exposure reduced reproductive capacity and induced DNA damage-induced germline apoptosis. Treatment with paeoniflorin had a protective effect on reproductive capacity and reduced germline apoptosis and DNA damage.
Due to high sensitivity to environmental exposures, Caenorhabditis elegans is helpful for toxicity evaluation and toxico-logical study of pollutants. Using this animal model, we investigated the reproductive toxicity of 20 nm polystyrene nanoparticle (PS-NP) in the range of mu g/L and the following pharmacological intervention of paeoniflorin. After expo-sure from L1-larvae to young adults, 10-100 mu g/L PS-NP could cause the reduction in reproductive capacity reflected by the endpoints of brood size and number of fertilized eggs in uterus. Meanwhile, the enhancements in germline ap-optosis analyzed by AO staining and germline DNA damage as shown by alteration in HUS-1::GFP signals were de-tected in 10-100 mu g/L PS-NP exposed nematodes, suggesting the role of DNA damage-induced germline apoptosis in mediating PS-NP toxicity on reproductive capacity. Following the exposure to 100 mu g/L PS-NP, posttreatment with 25-100 mg/L paeoniflorin increased the reproductive capacity and inhibited both germline apoptosis and DNA damage. In addition, in 100 mu g/L PS-NP exposed nematodes, treatment with 100 mg/L paeoniflorin modulated the expressions of genes governing germline apoptosis as indicated by the decrease in ced-3, ced-4, an egl-1 expressions and the increase in ced-9 expression. After exposure to 100 mu g/L PS-NP, treatment with 100 mg/L paeoniflorin also de-creased expressions of genes (cep-1, clk-2, hus-1, and mrt-2) governing germline DNA damage. Molecular docking anal-ysis further demonstrated the binding potential of paeoniflorin with three DNA damage checkpoints (CLK-2, HUS-1, and MRT-2). Therefore, our data suggested the toxicity of PS-NP in the range of mu g/L on reproductive capacity after exposure from L1-larvae to young adults, which was associated with the enhancement in DNA damage-induced germ-line apoptosis. More importantly, the PS-NP-induced reproductive toxicity on nematodes could be inhibited by the fol-lowing paeoniflorin treatment.
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