Journal
SCIENCE
Volume 379, Issue 6633, Pages 700-706Publisher
AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE
DOI: 10.1126/science.adf0435
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Decreased dendritic spine density in the cortex is a common feature of neuropsychiatric diseases, and psychedelics have been found to promote cortical neuron growth. This study shows that intracellular 5-HT2A receptors mediate the plasticity-promoting effects of psychedelics, providing insight into the mechanisms behind their therapeutic effects. The findings suggest that targeting intracellular 5-HT2A receptors could be a potential therapeutic approach.
Decreased dendritic spine density in the cortex is a hallmark of several neuropsychiatric diseases, and the ability to promote cortical neuron growth has been hypothesized to underlie the rapid and sustained therapeutic effects of psychedelics. Activation of 5-hydroxytryptamine (serotonin) 2A receptors (5-HT2ARs) is essential for psychedelic-induced cortical plasticity, but it is currently unclear why some 5-HT2AR agonists promote neuroplasticity, whereas others do not. We used molecular and genetic tools to demonstrate that intracellular 5-HT2ARs mediate the plasticity-promoting properties of psychedelics; these results explain why serotonin does not engage similar plasticity mechanisms. This work emphasizes the role of location bias in 5-HT2AR signaling, identifies intracellular 5-HT2ARs as a therapeutic target, and raises the intriguing possibility that serotonin might not be the endogenous ligand for intracellular 5-HT2ARs in the cortex.
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