Predictive value of triglycerides to high density lipoprotein ratio in patients with first attack of acute coronary syndrome

Objectives: To identify patients who are at risk for a first cardiovascular event, mitigate the risk, and institute early intervention. The triglyceride to high-density lipoprotein-C (TG/HDL-C) ratio has been found to be a very useful biomarker for directing treatment and prevention therapy.Methods: This retrospective cross-sectional study included adult patients (aged >18 years) experiencing first-time acute coronary syndrome (ACS). We examined all patient databases for a definite diagnosis of angina, non-ST segment elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI), or ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). Lipid profiles were obtained prior to or at the time of admission.Results: A total of 265 patients were included in the study (mean age 57.83 +/- 11.4 years) and 79.2% were men. Male gender, presence of diabetes, raised total cholesterol, raised low-density lipoprotein (LDL), and raised troponin level on admission were significantly positively correlated with STEMI (p=0.004,p=0.001,p<0.001, andp<0.001), whereas TG/HDL-C ratio was significantly negatively correlated with STEMI (p=0.048), while there was no significant results with NSTEMI (p=0.264) and angina (p=0.326). Total cholesterol and raised low-density lipoprotein (LDL) were significantly positively correlated with NSTEMI (p=0.013 andp=0.024).Conclusion: Patients with first-time ACS may not have an increased TG/HDL-C ratio. High LDL levels had the most significant association with an ACS event, along with total cholesterol and diabetes. Further research is needed on a larger scale to determine the association of TG/HDL-C ratio with ACS and differentiate the different types of ACS events according to their clinical and laboratory characteristics.

Automated summary

This study aimed to identify patients at risk for a first cardiovascular event, reduce the risk, and intervene early. The TG/HDL-C ratio was found to be a useful biomarker for guiding treatment and prevention therapy. The results showed a significant association between high LDL levels and ACS events, while the association with the TG/HDL-C ratio was not significant.