Journal
PHYTOCHEMISTRY
Volume 209, Issue -, Pages -Publisher
PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2023.113611
Keywords
Metabolomics; Nutraceuticals; Oil composition; Irrigation; Antioxidant; C-Flavonoids
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This study is the first to report on the metabolite profile of chia leaves, using spectroscopic methods and molecular networking techniques. The leaves were found to contain a variety of fatty acids, sugars, and flavonoids, making them a potential raw material source for the food/feed industry.
Salvia hispanica L., commonly named Chia, is a food plant from Central America and Australia, producing seeds whose consumption has been increasing in the last decade. Several articles analysed the seeds metabolite con-tent. However, few is known about Chia leaves. This work is the first report on the whole metabolite profile of chia leaves, determined by spectroscopic methods including NMR, GC-MS and LC-MS coupled with chemo-metrics analysis. Additionally, molecular networking has been applied to the LC-MS data to determine the flavonoid composition. Different chia sources were compared: one commercial (black) and three early flowering (G3, G8 and G17) mutant genotypes cultivated at two irrigation regimes (50 and 100%). Organic extracts were mainly composed by saturated and mono-and polyunsaturated fatty acids with palmitic being the most abundant followed by oleic and linolenic acids. Aqueous extracts contained glucose, galactose, and fructose as main sugars. Flavonoids were based on vitexin and orientin and their analogues. Chemical composition of early flowering genotypes was quite similar to commercial black chia with the exception of G8 showing significant differences in the polar phase. A generally highest content of omega-9 fatty acids has been found in the early flowering ge-notypes along with high content of nutraceuticals suggesting them as a potential source of raw materials for the food/feed industry.
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