Catheter directed thrombolysis for a pulmonary arterial thrombus on VA ECMO in a child - a case report

Introduction Veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (V-A ECMO) as a bridge to cardiac transplantation is considered a high risk support strategy in the paediatric population. Methods We describe the case of a 12 year old boy who required V-A ECMO support for rapidly deteriorating cardiomyopathy and developed a massive pulmonary embolus (PE) peri-cannulation. Subsequent investigations were also positive for heparin induced thrombocytopenia. Results We elected to treat the PE with ultrasound accelerated catheter directed thrombolysis using the advantages of this minimally invasive targeted method to try and resolve the PE and avoid a cerebral haemorrhage, both of which would have taken the patient off the urgent transplant list. Conclusion The PE resolved in 24 h and he went on to receive a cardiac transplant and have a favourable outcome.

Automated summary

This is a case report on the high-risk strategy of using V-A ECMO support in a pediatric heart transplant patient. The patient developed a massive pulmonary embolus during V-A ECMO treatment, but it was successfully resolved using ultrasound accelerated catheter directed thrombolysis. The patient went on to receive a heart transplant and had a favorable outcome.