Journal
PAEDIATRIC AND PERINATAL EPIDEMIOLOGY
Volume 37, Issue 5, Pages 425-435Publisher
WILEY
DOI: 10.1111/ppe.12966
Keywords
breast feeding; epidemiology; hospitalisation; infant feeding; respiratory syncytial viruses; respiratory tract infections
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This study aimed to investigate the association between exclusive breastfeeding during ages 0-2.9 months and bronchiolitis hospitalization in infants. The results showed a significant negative correlation between exclusive breastfeeding and bronchiolitis hospitalization. Exclusive breastfeeding can significantly reduce the risk of bronchiolitis hospitalization in infants.
Background Bronchiolitis is a major cause of infant illness, with few known modifiable risk factors. Breast feeding may reduce risk of severe bronchiolitis, but the association of exclusive vs. partial breast feeding with severe bronchiolitis is unclear.Objective To estimate the association of exclusive vs. partial breast feeding during ages 0-2.9 months with bronchiolitis hospitalisation during infancy.Methods We conducted a case-control study as a secondary analysis of two prospective US cohorts in the Multicenter Airway Research Collaboration. Cases were enrolled in a 17-centre study of infants hospitalised for bronchiolitis during 2011-2014 (n = 921). Controls were enrolled in a five-centre study of healthy infants during 2013-2014 and 2017 (n = 719). Breast feeding history during ages 0-2.9 months was collected by parent interview. Among breastfed infants, the association of exclusive vs. partial breast feeding with odds of bronchiolitis hospitalisation was estimated using a multivariable logistic regression model adjusted for demographic variables, parental asthma history, and early-life exposures. As a secondary analysis, we estimated the associations of exclusive, predominant, and occasional breast feeding vs. no breast feeding with the odds of bronchiolitis hospitalisation.Results Among 1640 infants, the prevalence of exclusive breast feeding was 187/921 (20.3%) among cases and 275/719 (38.3%) among controls. Exclusive vs. partial breast feeding was associated with 48% reduced odds of bronchiolitis hospitalisation (adjusted odds ratio [OR] 0.52, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.39, 0.69). In the secondary analysis, exclusive vs. no breast feeding was associated with 58% reduced odds of bronchiolitis hospitalisation (OR 0.42, 95% CI 0.23, 0.77), whereas predominant breast feeding (OR 0.77, 95% CI 0.37, 1.57) and occasional breast feeding (OR 0.98, 95% CI 0.57, 1.69) were not associated with meaningfully reduced odds of bronchiolitis hospitalisation.Conclusion Exclusive breast feeding had a strong protective association against bronchiolitis hospitalisation.
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