PbO-TeO2-MgO-Na2O-B2O3 glasses: Optical properties and gamma ray shielding behaviour studies using the Monte Carlo simulation

Melt quenching is used to make the PbO-TeO2-MgO-Na2O-B2O3 glasses. As lead concentration rises, so does density rise from 3.283 to 3.923 g/cm(3). The indirect band gap values decrease from 3.262 to 3.111 eV as lead oxide increases. The refractive index (n), optical dielectric constant, and dielectric constant (epsilon) increase from 2.329 to 2.368, 4.428 - 4.606, and 5.428 - 5.606 with the increase in lead content. The metallization value of all the samples is less than unity which confirms the non-metallic nature of all samples. The partial replacement of B2O3 by PbO compounds affects also the shielding characteristics. The Monte Carlo simulation for the gamma-ray shielding parameters depicts that the linear attenuation coefficient (LAC) of the fabricated samples increases gradually with rising the B2O3 substitution ratio. For example, at 244 keV, the linear attenuation coefficient enhances by 51% with increasing PbO content. The increase in LAC was associated with a significant decrease in the half-value thickness, thickness equivalent, and transmission factor while the radiation protection efficiency of the fabricated samples was enhanced. Therefore, fabricated glasses are considered a better choice to be used in the radiation zones.

Automated summary

Melt quenching is used to create PbO-TeO2-MgO-Na2O-B2O3 glasses with increasing lead concentration leading to increased density and decreased indirect band gap values. The refractive index, optical dielectric constant, and dielectric constant also increase with higher lead content. The partial replacement of B2O3 with PbO compounds affects the shielding characteristics and enhances the linear attenuation coefficient. The fabricated glasses show improved radiation protection efficiency and are recommended for use in radiation zones.