Planar heterojunction formamidinium lead-based perovskite solar cells with MXenes/Au electrode

Formamidinium (NH2CHNH2+) lead-based perovskite materials are becoming one of the suitable materials for planar heterojunction solar cell due to its wide bandgap tunability feature. In this work, simulation of formamidinium lead-based perovskite solar cell device is performed using SCAPS-1D software where bandgap of the absorber layer has been varied along with the other parameters like electron affinity, conduction & valence band effective density of states and thickness. With those variations, photovoltaic performance parameters e.g., open circuit voltage (V-OC), current density (J(SC)), efficiency (?), fill factor (FF), and Quantum efficiency ( QE ) have been investigated. The effect of thickness variation of absorber layer, SnO(2 )and ZnO as a different ETL material and effect of gold (Au)/2-D MXenes (Ti3C2Tx) as a rear electrode have been explored and depicted its effects on overall photovoltaic performance parameters. Further, the effects of series/shunt resistance (R(Series)andR(Shunt) ) have also been simulated using SCAPS-1D software.

Automated summary

In this study, the simulation of formamidinium lead-based perovskite solar cell device was conducted using SCAPS-1D software. The variations in bandgap, electron affinity, density of states, and thickness were investigated and their effects on photovoltaic performance parameters were analyzed. Moreover, the influence of absorber layer thickness, different ETL materials, and rear electrode on the overall photovoltaic performance were also explored.