☆ 4.2 Review

What the clinician needs to know about medical nutrition therapy in critically ill patients in 2023: A narrative review

NUTRITION IN CLINICAL PRACTICE (2023)

Related references

Note: Only part of the references are listed.

Article Medicine, General & Internal

The effect of higher protein dosing in critically ill patients with high nutritional risk (EFFORT Protein): an international, multicentre, pragmatic, registry-based randomised trial

Daren K. Heyland et al.

Summary: This study aimed to test the effect of high-dose protein on clinical outcomes in critically ill patients. The results showed that providing high-dose protein did not improve time-to-discharge-alive from hospital in mechanically ventilated patients, and it might have worsened outcomes for patients with acute kidney injury and high organ failure scores.

LANCET (2023)

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Article Critical Care Medicine

High-Dose IV Hydroxocobalamin (Vitamin B12) in Septic Shock

Jayshil J. Patel et al.

Summary: This study examined the feasibility of using high-dose IV hydroxocobalamin compared to placebo in patients with septic shock. The results showed that the high-dose IV hydroxocobalamin group had a greater reduction in vasopressor dose after randomization and infusion, and there were no serious adverse events. This is the first proof of concept for the feasibility of delivering high-dose IV hydroxocobalamin in septic shock.

CHEST (2023)

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Review Nutrition & Dietetics

Systematic review and meta-analysis of the effectiveness of continuous vs intermittent enteral nutrition in critically ill adults

Debbie Thong et al.

Summary: This meta-analysis compared the safety, tolerance, and effectiveness of continuous enteral nutrition (CEN) and intermittent enteral nutrition (IEN) in critically ill adults in the ICU. The results showed a higher incidence of vomiting in the CEN group, with no significant differences between the two groups in other outcomes. However, the lack of standardized outcome measures across studies limits the generalizability of the results.

JOURNAL OF PARENTERAL AND ENTERAL NUTRITION (2022)

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Letter Nutrition & Dietetics

The potential role of intravenous vitamin C monotherapy in critical illness

Christian Stoppe et al.

JOURNAL OF PARENTERAL AND ENTERAL NUTRITION (2022)

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Article Nutrition & Dietetics

Guidelines for the provision of nutrition support therapy in the adult critically ill patient: The American Society for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition

Charlene Compher et al.

Summary: After comparing various nutritional interventions in critical care nutrition support, no significant differences were found in clinical outcomes. It is recommended to develop nutritional support plans based on clinical judgment and close monitoring.

JOURNAL OF PARENTERAL AND ENTERAL NUTRITION (2022)

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Article Nutrition & Dietetics

High-dose supplementation of selenium in left ventricular assist device implant surgery: A double-blinded, randomized controlled pilot trial

Elena Laaf et al.

Summary: The study showed that selenium supplementation in patients receiving LVAD implantation is feasible and effective in compensating for selenium deficiency, leading to higher serum selenium concentrations.

JOURNAL OF PARENTERAL AND ENTERAL NUTRITION (2022)

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Review Nutrition & Dietetics

Combination of enteral and parenteral nutrition in the acute phase of critical illness: An updated systematic review and meta-analysis

Aileen Hill et al.

Summary: This meta-analysis examined the effectiveness of combining enteral nutrition (EN) with parenteral nutrition (PN) in adult patients with acute critical illness, showing that while the combination increased macronutrient delivery, it did not significantly impact patient outcomes compared to EN alone. Larger studies are needed to determine the clinical relevance of this nutrition strategy.

JOURNAL OF PARENTERAL AND ENTERAL NUTRITION (2022)

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Article Nutrition & Dietetics

Antioxidant micronutrient supplements for adult critically ill patients: A bayesian multiple treatment comparisons meta-analysis

Kiran Kumar Gudivada et al.

Summary: The study found that vitamin E was the best treatment for reducing mortality, while a combination of selenium, zinc, and copper was optimal for reducing ICU stay. A combination of selenium, zinc, copper, and vitamin E was the most effective in reducing infection risk.

CLINICAL NUTRITION ESPEN (2022)

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Article Nutrition & Dietetics

Is the amino acid pattern in medical nutrition therapy crucial for successfully attenuating muscle mass loss in adult ICU patients? Secondary analysis of a RCT

Ellen Dresen et al.

Summary: The study aimed to assess amino acid intake in long-term immobilized ICU patients and found no significant association between amino acid intake and muscle changes. Therefore, the study did not support the hypothesis that amino acid patterns of medical nutrition therapy have a statistically significant impact on skeletal muscle loss.

CLINICAL NUTRITION ESPEN (2022)

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Article Critical Care Medicine

Muscle Protein Synthesis after Protein Administration in Critical Illness

Lee-Anne S. Chapple et al.

Summary: The ability of critically ill patients to synthesize muscle protein from ingested protein is significantly reduced, despite relatively normal protein digestion and amino acid absorption.

AMERICAN JOURNAL OF RESPIRATORY AND CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE (2022)

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Review Nutrition & Dietetics

The effect of indirect calorimetry guided isocaloric nutrition on mortality in critically ill patients-a systematic review and meta-analysis

Barak Pertzov et al.

Summary: The study found that for critically ill patients in the ICU, isocaloric nutrition guided by IC can reduce 28-day mortality rate, but there was no significant difference in 90-day mortality rate and rate of nosocomial infections.

EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION (2022)

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Article Nutrition & Dietetics

A new high protein-to-energy enteral formula with a whey protein hydrolysate to achieve protein targets in critically ill patients: a prospective observational tolerability study

Franziska Tedeschi-Jockers et al.

Summary: This study investigated the tolerability of high protein-to-energy enteral feeds in critically ill patients, showing that the formula containing 33% whey protein hydrolysate was well tolerated and allowed for faster achievement of protein targets. Additional larger randomized trials are needed to confirm these preliminary results.

EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION (2022)

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Article Nutrition & Dietetics

ESPEN micronutrient guideline

Mette M. Berger et al.

Summary: This guideline aims to provide information for daily clinical nutrition practice regarding assessment, monitoring, and prescription of micronutrients (MNs), and proposes a consensus terminology to reduce confusion.

CLINICAL NUTRITION (2022)

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Article Critical Care Medicine

Catabolism in Critical Illness: A Reanalysis of the REducing Deaths due to OXidative Stress (REDOXS) Trial*

Ryan W. Haines et al.

Summary: The catabolic phenotype measured by increased urea-to-creatinine ratio is associated with increased risk of death during prolonged ICU stay. Glutamine supplementation increases the urea-to-creatinine ratio and therefore increases the risk of death.

CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE (2022)

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Article Nutrition & Dietetics

Early high protein provision and mortality in ICU patients including those receiving continuous renal replacement therapy

Isabel M. van Ruijven et al.

Summary: This study found an association between early high protein provision and lower hospital and ICU mortality in ICU patients, including those receiving CRRT. However, there was no association for septic patients.

EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION (2022)

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Article Nutrition & Dietetics

Effect of intermittent or continuous feeding and amino acid concentration on urea-to-creatinine ratio in critical illness

Luke Flower et al.

Summary: Intermittent feeding can mitigate the rise in urea-to-creatinine ratio seen in continuously fed patients, suggesting a potential prevention of catabolism.

JOURNAL OF PARENTERAL AND ENTERAL NUTRITION (2022)

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Article Nutrition & Dietetics

Evaluation of the effect of high protein supply on diaphragm atrophy in critically ill patients receiving prolonged mechanical ventilation

Qian Zhang et al.

Summary: The study aimed to evaluate the effects of high protein intake on diaphragm atrophy and clinical prognosis in patients receiving prolonged mechanical ventilation. Results showed that intensive nutrition treatment improved diaphragm atrophy and muscle mass, but did not improve clinical outcomes.

NUTRITION IN CLINICAL PRACTICE (2022)

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Article Nutrition & Dietetics

Effect of Combined Protein-Enriched Enteral Nutrition and Early Cycle Ergometry in Mechanically Ventilated Critically Ill Patients-A Pilot Study

Ilya Kagan et al.

Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the combination of cycle ergometry (CE) and a high-protein diet in critically ill patients. The results showed that CE combined with enteral nutrition (EN) or protein-enriched EN did not lead to better clinical outcomes compared to conventional physiotherapy with standard EN.

NUTRIENTS (2022)

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Article Surgery

Effect of Early vs Late Supplemental Parenteral Nutrition in Patients Undergoing Abdominal Surgery A Randomized Clinical Trial

Xuejin Gao et al.

Summary: This multicenter randomized clinical trial compares the effect of early and late supplemental parenteral nutrition on the incidence of nosocomial infections in patients undergoing major abdominal surgery. The results show that early supplemental parenteral nutrition in combination with enteral nutrition is associated with a reduced incidence of nosocomial infections compared with late supplemental parenteral nutrition.

JAMA SURGERY (2022)

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Article Nutrition & Dietetics

Micronutrient deficiencies in critically ill patients receiving continuous renal replacement therapy

Megan Fah et al.

Summary: The prevalence of micronutrient and carnitine deficiencies is high in critically ill patients receiving continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT). Copper and carnitine deficiencies are more commonly found in CRRT patients, while zinc deficiencies are more commonly found in non-CRRT patients.

CLINICAL NUTRITION ESPEN (2022)

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Article Critical Care Medicine

Muscle size, strength, and physical function in response to augmented calorie delivery: A TARGET sub-study

Lee-anne S. Chapple et al.

Summary: This study explored the effects of augmented calorie delivery on muscle mass, strength, and function. The results suggest that increasing calorie intake may not attenuate muscle loss or promote recovery of strength and function within 6 months post-ICU.

JOURNAL OF CRITICAL CARE (2022)

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Intravenous Vitamin C in Adults with Sepsis in the Intensive Care Unit

Francois Lamontagne et al.

Summary: A study on the use of intravenous vitamin C in adult sepsis patients receiving vasopressor therapy in the ICU showed that there is a higher risk of death or persistent organ dysfunction compared to placebo.

NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE (2022)

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Review Nutrition & Dietetics

Higher versus lower enteral calorie delivery and gastrointestinal dysfunction in critical illness: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Tejaswini Arunachala Murthy et al.

Summary: In critically ill adults, higher enteral calorie delivery is associated with an increased risk of large gastric residual volume (≥300 ml) and prokinetic administration, but not vomiting/regurgitation, diarrhea, or abdominal distension.

CLINICAL NUTRITION (2022)

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Article Medicine, General & Internal

A Randomized Trial of Enteral Glutamine for Treatment of Burn Injuries

Daren K. Heyland et al.

Summary: This study suggests that supplemental glutamine does not reduce the time to discharge alive from the hospital in patients with severe burns.

NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE (2022)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Current practice and barriers in the implementation of ultrasound-based assessment of muscle mass in Japan: A nationwide, web-based cross-sectional study

Keishi Nawata et al.

Summary: Muscle mass is crucial for surviving illnesses, and ultrasound is a valuable method for assessing muscle mass. However, a survey of healthcare providers in Japan revealed that only 21% of participants performed ultrasound-based muscle mass assessment, and lack of education was identified as the most important barrier to implementation.

PLOS ONE (2022)

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Article Nutrition & Dietetics

Association between caloric adequacy and short-term clinical outcomes in critically ill patients using a weight-based equation: Secondary analysis of a cluster-randomized controlled trial

Cheng Lv et al.

Summary: This study found that energy delivery below 70% of the estimated requirement during days 3-7 of critical illness is associated with increased 28-day mortality in ICU patients, while hypercaloric feeding did not have a significant effect on mortality.

FRONTIERS IN NUTRITION (2022)

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Article Critical Care Medicine

Effect of an enteral amino acid blend on muscle and gut functionality in critically ill patients: a proof-of-concept randomized controlled trial

Nicholas Heming et al.

Summary: Muscle wasting is a common issue in prolonged critical illness. Supplementation with a tailored blend of amino acids can improve gut defense, intestinal mucosa repair, and reduce muscle loss.

CRITICAL CARE (2022)

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Review Critical Care Medicine

Comparison of continuous versus intermittent enteral feeding in critically ill patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Aaron J. Heffernan et al.

Summary: This meta-analysis compares continuous enteral feeding with intermittent or bolus administration methods and finds no clinically relevant differences in most outcome measures relevant to the care of critically ill patients. However, there is a lack of high-quality randomized controlled clinical trials to guide this decision.

CRITICAL CARE (2022)

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Review Critical Care Medicine

Administration of vitamin D and its metabolites in critically ill adult patients: an updated systematic review with meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

Johannes Menger et al.

Summary: Supplementation of vitamin D in critically ill patients may reduce mortality and shorten ICU length of stay and duration of mechanical ventilation. Parenteral administration might have a greater impact on overall mortality. Heterogeneity and assessed certainty among the studies limit the generalizability of the results.

CRITICAL CARE (2022)

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Review Immunology

Redox regulation of the immune response

Gerwyn Morris et al.

Summary: The immune-inflammatory response is associated with increased nitro-oxidative stress. Redox-associated mechanisms play a crucial role in modulating various aspects of the immune response. Chronic nitro-oxidative stress can have detrimental effects on immune cells and their functions.

CELLULAR & MOLECULAR IMMUNOLOGY (2022)

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Article Critical Care Medicine

Core outcome measures for clinical effectiveness trials of nutritional and metabolic interventions in critical illness: an international modified Delphi consensus study evaluation (CONCISE)

T. W. Davies et al.

Summary: This study identified a core outcome set for nutritional and metabolic clinical research in critically ill adults, reaching consensus on essential domains and measurement instruments for use at 30 and 90 days post-randomisation. The CONCISE core outcome set provides internationally agreed minimum outcomes to guide future research.

CRITICAL CARE (2022)

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Article Critical Care Medicine

Early versus delayed enteral nutrition in mechanically ventilated patients with circulatory shock: a nested cohort analysis of an international multicenter, pragmatic clinical trial

Luis Ortiz-Reyes et al.

Summary: Real-world evidence on the timing and efficacy of enteral nutrition practices in ICU patients with circulatory shock is limited. This study found that early enteral nutrition was associated with improved clinical outcomes in mechanically ventilated patients with circulatory shock.

CRITICAL CARE (2022)

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Article Critical Care Medicine

Medical nutrition therapy and clinical outcomes in critically ill adults: a European multinational, prospective observational cohort study (EuroPN)

Martin Matejovic et al.

Summary: This study investigated nutrition practices in European ICUs and found that early moderate daily calorie and protein intakes are associated with improved clinical outcomes in ICU patients.

CRITICAL CARE (2022)

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Article Critical Care Medicine

Protein intake and outcome of critically ill patients: analysis of a large international database using piece-wise exponential additive mixed models

Wolfgang H. Hartl et al.

Summary: Proteins are an important part of medical nutrition therapy in critically ill patients. This study found that providing a standard protein intake during the late acute phase may improve patient outcomes compared to an exclusively low protein diet. However, there was no evidence that an early standard or high protein intake during the acute phase is associated with further improvement of outcomes.

CRITICAL CARE (2022)

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Article Nutrition & Dietetics

TICACOS international: A multi-center, randomized, prospective controlled study comparing tight calorie control versus Liberal calorie administration study

P. Singer et al.

Summary: The study compared the effectiveness of medical nutrition therapy guided by indirect calorimetry with predictive equations in critically ill patients. Despite a trend for improved survival with indirect calorimetry, there was no significant difference in infection rates, morbidity, or mortality between the study and control groups. The results suggest that precise calorie control guided by indirect calorimetry may have potential benefits, although the small sample size could have influenced the findings.

CLINICAL NUTRITION (2021)

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Review Nutrition & Dietetics

Antioxidant micronutrient supplementation in critically ill adults: A systematic review with meta-analysis and trial sequential analysis

Kiran Kumar Gudivada et al.

Summary: The study examined the effectiveness of antioxidant micronutrient supplementation in critically ill adult patients through experimental drugs, reviews, and analyses. The results indicate that AxM may reduce all-cause mortality, but the evidence is still insufficient. Secondary outcomes show that AxM is beneficial in some aspects for patients.

CLINICAL NUTRITION (2021)

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Article Nutrition & Dietetics

Monitoring and parenteral administration of micronutrients, phosphate and magnesium in critically ill patients: The VITA-TRACE survey

Wouter Vankrunkelsven et al.

Summary: The survey revealed a wide variation in current practices of micronutrient, phosphate and magnesium measurement and parenteral administration, suggesting a risk of insufficient prevention, diagnosis and treatment of deficiencies. These results provide the context for future comparative studies, and identify areas for knowledge translation and recommendations.

CLINICAL NUTRITION (2021)

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Article Nutrition & Dietetics

Uptake of dietary amino acids into arterial blood during continuous enteral feeding in critically ill patients and healthy subjects

Felix Liebau et al.

Summary: The study found that there is a large intra-and inter individual variation in amino acid uptake during continuous enteral feeding. However, a tentative steady state of C-13-phenylalanine uptake is eventually reached.

CLINICAL NUTRITION (2021)

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Review Nutrition & Dietetics

The clinical relevance and mechanism of skeletal muscle wasting

Kaipeng Duan et al.

Summary: Skeletal muscle wasting is a common phenomenon in chronic and acute diseases, affecting short- and long-term outcomes in critical, cancer, and surgical patients. Mechanism research has revealed complex pathways involving altered signaling pathways, elevated hormone levels, and central nervous system involvement. Promising therapeutic agents for muscle atrophy include myostatin antagonists and non-steroidal selective androgen receptor modulators, with nutritional therapy remaining as a fundamental support.

CLINICAL NUTRITION (2021)

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Article Nutrition & Dietetics

High protein versus medium protein delivery under equal total energy delivery in critical care: A randomized controlled trial

Kensuke Nakamura et al.

Summary: In critical care, high protein delivery combined with active early rehabilitation helps to maintain muscle volume and reduce inflammation and immunosuppression.

CLINICAL NUTRITION (2021)

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Article Nutrition & Dietetics

Safety and tolerance of enteral nutrition in COVID-19 critically ill patients, a retrospective study

Ivan Osuna-Padilla et al.

Summary: This study investigated the tolerance of enteral nutrition in COVID-19 critically ill patients under mechanical ventilation. Results showed that gastrointestinal intolerance manifestations were present in 32.4% of patients within the first week of enteral nutrition initiation, with vomiting, diarrhea, and gastroparesis being the main symptoms. The majority of patients were able to meet over 80% of their energy and protein requirements by day 7.

CLINICAL NUTRITION ESPEN (2021)

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Review Nutrition & Dietetics

Review of evolution and current status of protein requirements and provision in acute illness and critical care

Elisabeth De Waele et al.

Summary: Nutrition therapy is crucial for critically ill, surgical, burns, and oncology patients. While overfeeding may increase infection risk, morbidity, and mortality, permissive underfeeding is now practiced, leading to inadequate protein intake due to lack of concentrated protein solutions and fluid restrictions. Adequate protein provision is essential for acutely ill patients, and higher protein intake can improve outcomes. New solutions with higher protein levels in smaller volumes are being developed to address this challenge.

CLINICAL NUTRITION (2021)

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Review Endocrinology & Metabolism

Protein absorption and kinetics in critical illness

Felix Liebau et al.

Summary: Critically ill patients may lose muscle protein due to increased protein degradation, but they retain the capacity to absorb and utilize dietary protein for body protein synthesis, though the extent and benefits of this process remain to be elucidated.

CURRENT OPINION IN CLINICAL NUTRITION AND METABOLIC CARE (2021)

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Review Critical Care Medicine

Thiamine, Ascorbic Acid, and Hydrocortisone As a Metabolic Resuscitation Cocktail in Sepsis: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials With Trial Sequential Analysis*

Benjamin Assouline et al.

Summary: This study conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis on the use of a combination therapy of thiamine, ascorbic acid, and hydrocortisone in septic ICU patients, and found that it improves the change in Sequential Organ Failure Assessment score within 72 hours. However, the improvement is modest and its clinical relevance remains uncertain. The impact of this combination therapy on renal failure and mortality is still unclear.

CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE (2021)

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Article Nutrition & Dietetics

Medical high-protein nutrition therapy and loss of muscle mass in adult ICU patients: A randomized controlled trial

Ellen Dresen et al.

Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the impact of different quantities of protein on the preservation of muscle mass in critically ill patients. Results showed that increased protein intake in the late phase of critical illness did not significantly affect muscle mass loss in ICU patients. Further multi-center trials are needed to confirm these findings and assess potential clinical outcomes improvements.

CLINICAL NUTRITION (2021)

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Review Nutrition & Dietetics

The centenary of the Harris-Benedict equations: How to assess energy requirements best? Recommendations from the ESPEN expert group

Itai Bendavid et al.

Summary: Predictive equations in clinical settings have limited performance and may lead to large errors, while indirect calorimetry, though reliable, is restricted in real-life clinical practice. It is important to recognize specific patient populations for whom a specific equation should be preferred, and when possible, the use of indirect calorimetry is advised.

CLINICAL NUTRITION (2021)

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Article Medicine, General & Internal

Effect of Vitamin C, Thiamine, and Hydrocortisone on Ventilator- and Vasopressor-Free Days in Patients With Sepsis The VICTAS Randomized Clinical Trial

Jonathan E. Sevransky et al.

Summary: A trial on the effects of a combination treatment of vitamin C, thiamine, and hydrocortisone on ventilator- and vasopressor-free days in patients with sepsis did not show a significant increase within 30 days. However, the trial was terminated early and may have been underpowered to detect a clinically important difference.

JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION (2021)

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Review Health Care Sciences & Services

Glutamine on critical-ill patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Yueming Sun et al.

Summary: A meta-analysis of 47 randomized controlled trials on the effect of glutamine supplements in adult critical-ill patients found that while there was no significant impact on hospital mortality, it did show a positive effect in reducing the duration of mechanical ventilation. Further subgroup analysis showed consistent trends in severely burned patients, but not in other subgroups.

ANNALS OF PALLIATIVE MEDICINE (2021)

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Article Anesthesiology

High-protein intake and early exercise in adult intensive care patients: a prospective, randomized controlled trial to evaluate the impact on functional outcomes

Jose Raimundo Araujo de Azevedo et al.

Summary: The study evaluated the efficacy of high protein intake and early exercise versus standard nutrition care and routine physiotherapy on the outcome of critically ill patients. Results showed that high-protein intake and resistance exercise significantly improved the physical quality of life and survival of critically ill patients, indicating potential benefits for this population.

BMC ANESTHESIOLOGY (2021)

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Article Nutrition & Dietetics

Micronutrient deficiencies in critical illness

W. A. C. Koekkoek et al.

Summary: ICU patients had lower plasma levels of selenium, beta-carotene, vitamin C, and vitamin E compared to healthy controls upon admission. Vitamin C levels dropped significantly during the first days of ICU admission, while beta-carotene and vitamin E levels increased after 5-7 days. Micronutrient levels were not associated with severity of illness, C-reactive protein (CRP), or micronutrient intake.

CLINICAL NUTRITION (2021)

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Article Nutrition & Dietetics

ESPEN practical guideline: Clinical nutrition in surgery

Arved Weimann et al.

Summary: Early oral feeding is essential for surgical patients to prevent underfeeding and reduce the risk of postoperative complications. Nutritional management, including avoiding prolonged fasting, early initiation of oral feeding, and immediate nutritional therapy for at-risk patients, is crucial for successful perioperative care.

CLINICAL NUTRITION (2021)

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Review Critical Care Medicine

Indirect calorimetry in critical illness: a new standard of care?

Elisabeth De Waele et al.

Summary: Recent literature highlights the importance of indirect calorimetry in critical care nutrition management, particularly in COVID-19 patients exhibiting high metabolism and energy expenditure variability. Utilizing indirect calorimetry effectively can better guide ICU nutrition therapy and improve clinical outcomes.

CURRENT OPINION IN CRITICAL CARE (2021)

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Review Health Care Sciences & Services

Metabolism of Proteins and Amino Acids in Critical Illness: From Physiological Alterations to Relevant Clinical Practice

Chih-Chieh Hsu et al.

Summary: Adequate protein supplementation may improve the clinical outcomes of critically ill patients, potentially surpassing the role of caloric supplementation. This review focuses on the impact of critical illness on protein metabolism, the importance of protein in nutrition therapy, and the function of specific amino acids.

JOURNAL OF MULTIDISCIPLINARY HEALTHCARE (2021)

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Article Nutrition & Dietetics

A multicenter randomized clinical trial of pharmacological vitamin B1 administration to critically ill patients who develop hypophosphatemia during enteral nutrition (The THIAMINE 4 HYPOPHOSPHATEMIA trial)

Adam M. Deane et al.

Summary: The study aimed to investigate the effect of intravenous thiamine on blood lactate, biochemical, and clinical outcomes in critically ill enterally-fed patients. The results showed that intravenous thiamine did not cause measurable differences in blood lactate or clinical outcomes in this group of patients.

CLINICAL NUTRITION (2021)

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Review Critical Care Medicine

Effect of IV High-Dose Vitamin C on Mortality in Patients With Sepsis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials*

Ryota Sato et al.

Summary: In patients with sepsis, the use of IV high-dose vitamin C was not associated with lower short-term mortality but was linked to significantly shorter vasopressor duration and greater decline in Sequential Organ Failure Assessment score at 72-96 hours.

CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE (2021)

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Review Nutrition & Dietetics

Nutrition in the Intensive Care Unit-A Narrative Review

Aileen Hill et al.

Summary: Nutritional therapy for critically ill patients should be tailored to individual patients, focusing on the phase of critical illness, metabolic tolerance, leading symptoms, and comorbidities. Personalized and disease-specific nutritional therapy in the ICU requires an interdisciplinary approach and frequent reevaluation for optimal clinical outcomes.

NUTRIENTS (2021)

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Review Critical Care Medicine

The effect of higher versus lower protein delivery in critically ill patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

Zheng-Yii Lee et al.

Summary: This systematic review of randomized controlled trials found that higher daily protein delivery in critically ill patients did not lead to any significant improvement in clinical or patient-centered outcomes. Further larger and more definitive trials are needed to confirm the effect of muscle loss attenuation associated with higher protein delivery.

CRITICAL CARE (2021)

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Article Critical Care Medicine

Plasma glutamine status at intensive care unit admission: an independent risk factor for mortality in critical illness

Marie Smedberg et al.

Summary: A study on 269 patients found that hyperglutaminemia was associated with increased six-month mortality, indicating it is an independent mortality predictor. The study suggests further investigation into the mechanism of hyperglutaminemia and the prognostic value of repeated measurements for ICU patients.

CRITICAL CARE (2021)

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Article Critical Care Medicine

Assessment of muscle mass using ultrasound with minimal versus maximal pressure compared with computed tomography in critically ill adult patients

Kate Fetterplace et al.

Summary: The study found that measuring quadriceps muscle thickness using maximal pressure technique is a strong independent predictor of lumbar muscle cross-sectional area in critically ill patients. While there were similar univariate associations using minimal pressure, the relationship lost strength in multivariate analysis.

AUSTRALIAN CRITICAL CARE (2021)

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Review Nutrition & Dietetics

Daily parenteral selenium therapy in critically ill patients: An updated systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

Mir Ali Mousavi et al.

Summary: Daily parenteral selenium supplementation may not have a significant effect on outcomes for ICU patients, but high doses of selenium may increase ICU stay while low doses reduce ARF occurrence. More trials are needed to further assess the effects of selenium on ARF occurrence.

CLINICAL NUTRITION ESPEN (2021)

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Review Critical Care Medicine

Energy delivery guided by indirect calorimetry in critically ill patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Jing-Yi Duan et al.

Summary: This meta-analysis found that IC-guided energy delivery significantly reduced short-term mortality in critically ill patients, without affecting the duration of mechanical ventilation, ICU stay, or hospital stay. More high-quality studies are needed to confirm these findings.

CRITICAL CARE (2021)

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Article Critical Care Medicine

Mortality in septic patients treated with vitamin C: a systematic meta-analysis

Sean S. Scholz et al.

Summary: Despite no reduction in pooled mortality, potential benefits of administering vitamin C for 3-4 days in septic patients were observed. Further research is needed to identify patient subgroups that might benefit from intravenous supplementation of vitamin C.

CRITICAL CARE (2021)

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Article Medicine, General & Internal

Effect of Vitamin C, Hydrocortisone, and Thiamine vs Hydrocortisone Alone on Time Alive and Free of Vasopressor Support Among Patients With Septic Shock The VITAMINS Randomized Clinical Trial

Tomoko Fujii et al.

JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION (2020)

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Article Critical Care Medicine

Effect of Intermittent or Continuous Feed on Muscle Wasting in Critical Illness A Phase 2 Clinical Trial

Angela S. McNelly et al.

CHEST (2020)

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Article Critical Care Medicine

Combined Treatment With Hydrocortisone, Vitamin C, and Thiamine for Sepsis and Septic Shock A Randomized Controlled Trial

Ping Chang et al.

CHEST (2020)

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Article Critical Care Medicine

Outcomes of Metabolic Resuscitation Using Ascorbic Acid, Thiamine, and Glucocorticoids in the Early Treatment of Sepsis The ORANGES Trial

Jose Iglesias et al.

CHEST (2020)

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Article Critical Care Medicine

Combination therapy of vitamin C and thiamine for septic shock: a multi-centre, double-blinded randomized, controlled study

Sung Yeon Hwang et al.

INTENSIVE CARE MEDICINE (2020)

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Article Medicine, General & Internal

Effect of Ascorbic Acid, Corticosteroids, and Thiamine on Organ Injury in Septic Shock The ACTS Randomized Clinical Trial

Ari Moskowitz et al.

JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION (2020)

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Review Geriatrics & Gerontology

Muscular weakness and muscle wasting in the critically ill

Joerg C. Schefold et al.

JOURNAL OF CACHEXIA SARCOPENIA AND MUSCLE (2020)

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Article Nutrition & Dietetics

Protein metabolism and requirements in the ICU

Pierre Singer

CLINICAL NUTRITION ESPEN (2020)

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Review Nutrition & Dietetics

Is Energy Delivery Guided by Indirect Calorimetry Associated With Improved Clinical Outcomes in Critically Ill Patients? A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

Oana A. Tatucu-Babet et al.

NUTRITION AND METABOLIC INSIGHTS (2020)

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Review Critical Care Medicine

Nutrition therapy in critical illness: a review of the literature for clinicians

Kate J. Lambell et al.

CRITICAL CARE (2020)

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Review Nutrition & Dietetics

Monitoring nutrition in the ICU

Mette M. Berger et al.

CLINICAL NUTRITION (2019)

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Article Nutrition & Dietetics

ESPEN guideline on clinical nutrition in the intensive care unit

Pierre Singer et al.

CLINICAL NUTRITION (2019)

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Editorial Material Critical Care Medicine

Micronutrient deficiency in critical illness: an invisible foe?

Michael P. Casaer et al.

INTENSIVE CARE MEDICINE (2019)

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Article Medicine, General & Internal

Nutrition and Exercise in Critical Illness Trial (NEXIS Trial): a protocol of a multicentred, randomised controlled trial of combined cycle ergometry and amino acid supplementation commenced early during critical illness

Daren K. Heyland et al.

BMJ OPEN (2019)

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Article Critical Care Medicine

Elevated urea-to-creatinine ratio provides a biochemical signature of muscle catabolism and persistent critical illness after major trauma

Ryan W. Haines et al.

INTENSIVE CARE MEDICINE (2019)

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Article Medicine, General & Internal

Effect of Vitamin C Infusion on Organ Failure and Biomarkers of Inflammation and Vascular Injury in Patients With Sepsis and Severe Acute Respiratory Failure: The CITRIS-ALI Randomized Clinical Trial

Alpha A. Fowler et al.

JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION (2019)

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Editorial Material Critical Care Medicine

The urea-creatinine ratio as a novel biomarker of critical illness-associated catabolism

Jan Gunst et al.

INTENSIVE CARE MEDICINE (2019)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Exploration of muscle loss and metabolic state during prolonged critical illness: Implications for intervention?

Liesl Wandrag et al.

PLOS ONE (2019)

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Article Nutrition & Dietetics

Amino Acid Availability of a Dairy and Vegetable Protein Blend Compared to Single Casein, Whey, Soy, and Pea Proteins: A Double-Blind, Cross-Over Trial

Jue Liu et al.

NUTRIENTS (2019)

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Article Nutrition & Dietetics

Achieving protein targets without energy overfeeding in critically ill patients: A prospective feasibility study

W. G. P. M. Looijaard et al.

CLINICAL NUTRITION (2019)

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Review Critical Care Medicine

Nutrition therapy and critical illness: practical guidance for the ICU, post-ICU, and long-term convalescence phases

Arthur Raymond Hubert van Zanten et al.

CRITICAL CARE (2019)

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Review Anesthesiology

Nutrition in the ICU: new trends versus old-fashioned standard enteral feeding?

Kristine W. A. C. Koekkoek et al.

CURRENT OPINION IN ANESTHESIOLOGY (2018)

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Article Medicine, General & Internal

Enteral versus parenteral early nutrition in ventilated adults with shock: a randomised, controlled, multicentre, open-label, parallel-group study (NUTRIREA-2)

Jean Reignier et al.

LANCET (2018)

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Article Critical Care Medicine

Early enteral nutrition in critically ill patients: ESICM clinical practice guidelines

Annika Reintam Blaser et al.

INTENSIVE CARE MEDICINE (2017)

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Article Endocrinology & Metabolism

Effectiveness of essential amino acid supplementation in stimulating whole body net protein anabolism is comparable between COPD patients and healthy older adults

Renate Jonker et al.

METABOLISM-CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL (2017)

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Review Nutrition & Dietetics

Assessment of Protein Turnover in Health and Disease

Jan Wernerman et al.

NUTRITION IN CLINICAL PRACTICE (2017)

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Review Nutrition & Dietetics

Experimental and Outcome-Based Approaches to Protein Requirements in the Intensive Care Unit

Peter J. M. Weijs et al.

NUTRITION IN CLINICAL PRACTICE (2017)

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Review Cell Biology

Role of Oxidative Stress and Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Sepsis and Potential Therapies

Konstantinos Mantzarlis et al.

OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY (2017)

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Review Nutrition & Dietetics

Early or Late Feeding after ICU Admission?

Annika Reintam Blaser et al.

NUTRIENTS (2017)

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Review Endocrinology & Metabolism

Nutrient modulation in the management of disease-induced muscle wasting: evidence from human studies

Matthew S. Brook et al.

CURRENT OPINION IN CLINICAL NUTRITION AND METABOLIC CARE (2017)

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Article Critical Care Medicine

A randomized trial of supplemental parenteral nutrition in underweight and overweight critically ill patients: the TOP-UP pilot trial

Paul E. Wischmeyer et al.

CRITICAL CARE (2017)

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Article Critical Care Medicine

Hydrocortisone, Vitamin C, and Thiamine for the Treatment of Severe Sepsis and Septic Shock A Retrospective Before-After Study

Paul E. Marik et al.

CHEST (2017)

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Article Medicine, Research & Experimental

Therapeutic benefits of glutamine: An umbrella review of meta-analyses

Marc P. McRae

BIOMEDICAL REPORTS (2017)

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Article Nutrition & Dietetics

Glutamine dipeptide-supplemented parenteral nutrition improves the clinical outcomes of critically ill patients: A systematic evaluation of randomised controlled trials

Peter Stehle et al.

CLINICAL NUTRITION ESPEN (2017)

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Article Nutrition & Dietetics

Guidelines for the Provision and Assessment of Nutrition Support Therapy in the Adult Critically Ill Patient: Society of Critical Care Medicine (SCCM) and American Society for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition (ASPEN)

Stephen A. McClave et al.

JOURNAL OF PARENTERAL AND ENTERAL NUTRITION (2016)

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Review Nutrition & Dietetics

Parenteral Nutrition and Infection Risk in the Intensive Care Unit: A Practical Guide for the Bedside Clinician

Emily J. McCleary et al.

NUTRITION IN CLINICAL PRACTICE (2016)

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Article Medicine, General & Internal

High-Protein Enteral Nutrition Enriched With Immune-Modulating Nutrients vs Standard High-Protein Enteral Nutrition and Nosocomial Infections in the ICU A Randomized Clinical Trial

Arthur R. H. van Zanten et al.

JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION (2014)

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Article Medicine, General & Internal

Trial of the Route of Early Nutritional Support in Critically Ill Adults

Sheila E. Harvey et al.

NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE (2014)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Oxidative Damage in Clinical Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury: A Reappraisal

Dorottya K. de Vries et al.

ANTIOXIDANTS & REDOX SIGNALING (2013)

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Article Medicine, General & Internal

Acute Skeletal Muscle Wasting in Critical Illness

Zudin A. Puthucheary et al.

JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION (2013)

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Article Medicine, General & Internal

A Randomized Trial of Glutamine and Antioxidants in Critically Ill Patients

Daren Heyland et al.

NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE (2013)

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Article Nutrition & Dietetics

Role of specific dietary amino acids in clinical conditions

Renate Jonker et al.

BRITISH JOURNAL OF NUTRITION (2012)

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Article Nursing

Adequacy of early enteral nutrition in adult patients in the intensive care unit

Hyunjung Kim et al.

JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NURSING (2012)

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Review Geriatrics & Gerontology

Intensive care unit-acquired weakness (ICUAW) and muscle wasting in critically ill patients with severe sepsis and septic shock

Joerg C. Schefold et al.

JOURNAL OF CACHEXIA SARCOPENIA AND MUSCLE (2010)

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Article Critical Care Medicine

Effects on skeletal muscle of intravenous glutamine supplementation to ICU patients

I Tjäder et al.

INTENSIVE CARE MEDICINE (2004)

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Article Nutrition & Dietetics

Glutamine depletion impairs cellular stress response in human leucocytes

R Oehler et al.

BRITISH JOURNAL OF NUTRITION (2002)

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Article Critical Care Medicine

Plasma glutamine depletion and patient outcome in acute ICU admissions

HM Oudemans-van Straaten et al.

INTENSIVE CARE MEDICINE (2001)

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