Bioconvective flow of a variable properties hybrid nanofluid over a spinning disk with Arrhenius activation energy, Soret and Dufour impacts

This paper explores the heat and mass transfer by hybrid nanofluids flow over a spinning disk in the presence of oxytactic microorganisms. During this study, the Soret and Dufour together with Lorentz force impacts are considered. The worked nano-mixture is assumed to be having time-dependent dynamic viscosity and thermal conductivity and its components are methanol-based hybrid nanofluid comprising CuO and MgO nanoparticles. The disk surface is permeable and various aspects such as thermal radiation, heat generation and Arrhenius activation energy are taken into account. The governing equations are treated numerically and suitable similar transformations are introduced. The obtained results revealed that both of the velocity and temperature gradients are enhanced as the absolute values of unsteadiness parameter and nanoparticles concentrations are rising. However, the flow is slowdown as the temperature-dependent variable viscosity parameter is growing.

Automated summary

This paper investigates the heat and mass transfer in hybrid nanofluids flowing over a spinning disk in the presence of oxytactic microorganisms. The impact of Soret and Dufour effects, as well as Lorentz force, are considered. The nanofluid used in this study is assumed to have time-dependent dynamic viscosity and thermal conductivity, and it consists of CuO and MgO nanoparticles in a methanol base. The results show that both velocity and temperature gradients increase with higher values of the unsteadiness parameter and nanoparticles concentrations, while the flow slows down with an increase in the temperature-dependent variable viscosity parameter.