Cognitive and psychological outcomes and follow-up in severely affected COVID-19 survivors admitted to a rehabilitation hospital

Article Clinical Neurology

Comparison of serum neurodegenerative biomarkers among hospitalized COVID-19 patients versus non-COVID subjects with normal cognition, mild cognitive impairment, or Alzheimer's dementia

Jennifer A. Frontera et al.

Summary: Neurodegenerative biomarkers were found to be elevated in hospitalized COVID-19 patients and were associated with encephalopathy and worse outcomes.

ALZHEIMERS & DEMENTIA (2022)

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Article Clinical Neurology

Neurological toll of COVID-19

Shivam Bhola et al.

Summary: This review focuses on the various neurological disorders associated with the central nervous system and peripheral nervous system in relation to the COVID-19 disease caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus. It examines disorders such as cytokine release syndrome, encephalitis, acute stroke, Bell's palsy, as well as psychological manifestations. The review also explores cognitive impairment, drug addiction disorders, mood and anxiety disorders, and post-traumatic stress disorder. The exact association and mechanism of the SARS-CoV-2 virus with neurological disorders are yet to be clarified, highlighting the need for further research to understand the neurological impact of COVID-19.

NEUROLOGICAL SCIENCES (2022)

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Article Behavioral Sciences

Neuropsychological deficits in patients with cognitive complaints after COVID-19

Carmen Garcia-Sanchez et al.

Summary: Subjective cognitive complaints are reported in COVID-19 patients across different disease severities. This study found that attention abilities were widely affected in post-COVID patients with subjective complaints, and were associated with deficits in executive functions, learning, and long-term memory. These cognitive deficits were largely unrelated to clinical factors such as hospitalization and disease duration.

BRAIN AND BEHAVIOR (2022)

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Article Clinical Neurology

Norms and standardizations in neuropsychology via equivalent scores: software solutions and practical guides

Edoardo Nicolo Aiello et al.

Summary: This study provides a user-friendly code to calculate TLs and ES thresholds for norming neuropsychological tests, reducing subjectivity and error rate while simplifying implementation.

NEUROLOGICAL SCIENCES (2022)

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Article Psychology, Multidisciplinary

Risk and Protective Factors of Psychological Distress in Patients Who Recovered From COVID-19: The Role of Cognitive Reserve

Maria Devita et al.

Summary: Recent studies have shown that patients who recovered from COVID-19 may experience psychological distress symptoms. This study found that being female and reporting subjective cognitive difficulties after COVID-19 were associated with higher levels of psychological distress, while being admitted to the hospital and having a high cognitive reserve were protective factors. These findings emphasize the importance of a comprehensive psychological and cognitive assessment in COVID-19 patients.

FRONTIERS IN PSYCHOLOGY (2022)

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Article Clinical Neurology

Predictors of brain fog 1 year after COVID-19 disease

Viviana Cristillo et al.

Summary: This study evaluated the prevalence of cognitive complaints in COVID-19 patients at 1-year follow-up and found that depression is the strongest predictor of persistent brain fog.

NEUROLOGICAL SCIENCES (2022)

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Article Clinical Neurology

Limited evidence for neuropsychological dysfunction in patients initially affected by severe COVID-19

Konstantinos Priftis et al.

Summary: This study tested the hypothesis of neuropsychological disorders in post COVID-19 patients and found limited evidence. Severity of COVID-19 and other variables were not correlated with patients' scores on neuropsychological tests.

NEUROLOGICAL SCIENCES (2022)

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Article Rehabilitation

Neuropsychological Features of Severe Hospitalized Coronavirus Disease 2019 Patients at Clinical Stability and Clues for Postacute Rehabilitation

Francesco Negrini et al.

Summary: The study found that some COVID-19 patients might experience global cognitive decay, which is linearly associated with the length of stay in the ICU. Therefore, neuropsychological rehabilitative treatments should be directed explicitly toward ICU patients, rather than every patient who experienced acute respiratory distress syndrome due to COVID-19.

ARCHIVES OF PHYSICAL MEDICINE AND REHABILITATION (2021)

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Article Clinical Neurology

Neurological manifestations of coronavirus disease 2019: exploring past to understand present

Ishita Desai et al.

Summary: SARS-CoV-2 infection causing COVID-19 has neurological manifestations, ranging from headaches and dizziness to taste or smell dysfunction. Some cases may initially present with purely neurological symptoms, followed by non-neurological symptoms a few days later.

NEUROLOGICAL SCIENCES (2021)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

COVID-19 cognitive deficits after respiratory assistance in the subacute phase: A COVID-rehabilitation unit experience

Federica Alemanno et al.

Summary: Neurological, psychiatric, and psychological impairments are common complications of COVID-19. A study on the cognitive functions of patients in the sub-acute phase of the disease found that 80% of patients had neuropsychological deficits and 40% showed signs of mild-to-moderate depression. Cognitive impairments were correlated with patients' age, and a significant percentage of patients showed signs of post-traumatic stress disorder one month after discharge.

PLOS ONE (2021)

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Article Critical Care Medicine

Upper Airway Assessment and Responses During Mechanically Assisted Cough

Tiina M. Andersen et al.

Summary: Pathophysiology plays a crucial role in the efficacy of MI-E technology, and understanding the upper airway responses to MI-E is essential for optimizing treatment. Enhancing theoretical understanding of the larynx as a respiratory organ can improve the therapeutic outcomes of MI-E.

RESPIRATORY CARE (2021)

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Review Psychiatry

Impact of SARS-CoV-2 Infection on Cognitive Function: A Systematic Review

Yazen Alnefeesi et al.

Summary: The prevalence and etiology of cognitive impairment in COVID-19 patients, especially in relation to inflammation and cytokine storms, indicate a significant impact on brain health. High rates of cognitive deficits, primarily delirium, are reported, with inflammatory markers potentially playing a crucial role in mediating these impairments.

FRONTIERS IN PSYCHIATRY (2021)

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Article Clinical Neurology

Cognitive impairments four months after COVID-19 hospital discharge: Pattern, severity and association with illness variables

K. W. Miskowiak et al.

Summary: This study investigated the frequency, pattern, and severity of cognitive impairments in patients 3-4 months after COVID-19 hospital discharge, finding that a majority of patients had clinically significant cognitive impairment. These impairments were associated with subjective cognitive complaints, lower quality of life, and illness variables. Further research is needed to understand the associations between cognitive sequelae of COVID-19 and lung affection, cerebral oxygen delivery, and targeted treatments for persistent cognitive impairments.

EUROPEAN NEUROPSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY (2021)

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Article Clinical Neurology

Subjective cognitive failures and their psychological correlates in a large Italian sample during quarantine/self-isolation for COVID-19

Gabriella Santangelo et al.

Summary: This study found that around 30% of participants reported cognitive failures during quarantine/self-isolation for COVID-19, with some experiencing them very frequently. Additionally, resilience was found to mediate the relationships between depressive and anger symptoms and cognitive failures. While there was no difference in cognitive failures among different work statuses, individuals not working at the moment reported more frequent cognitive failures, highlighting the importance of implementing psychological support interventions and psychoeducational interventions during quarantine.

NEUROLOGICAL SCIENCES (2021)

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Review Psychiatry

A systematic review of neuropsychological and psychiatric sequalae of COVID-19: implications for treatment

William Michael Vanderlind et al.

Summary: COVID-19 infection is associated with cognitive deficits and psychiatric symptoms in survivors, including anxiety, depression, fatigue, and sleep disruption. Severity of acute illness is not directly predictive of severity of cognitive or mental health issues, and risk factors for psychiatric symptoms may include female sex, perceived stigma related to COVID-19, infection of a family member, social isolation, and prior psychiatry history. Longitudinal research is needed to understand the long-term effects on cognitive and psychiatric functioning.

CURRENT OPINION IN PSYCHIATRY (2021)

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Article Psychiatry

6-month neurological and psychiatric outcomes in 236 379 survivors of COVID-19: a retrospective cohort study using electronic health records

Maxime Taquet et al.

Summary: Our study provides evidence of significant neurological and psychiatric morbidity in the 6 months following COVID-19 infection. The risks were highest in patients with severe COVID-19. This information could assist in service planning and research priority identification.

LANCET PSYCHIATRY (2021)

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Article Clinical Neurology