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Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
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Summary: This study provides an overview of the pathogenesis of nonvalvular atrial fibrillation and a comprehensive investigation of the epidemiological data associated with various risk factors for atrial fibrillation. The study found that age, gender, and ethnicity are important risk factors for developing atrial fibrillation, and modifiable risk factors such as lifestyle, smoking, obesity, and certain diseases also contribute to its occurrence. Heart failure and myocardial infarction increase the risk of atrial fibrillation.
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ADVANCED MATERIALS
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Summary: A total of 4296 patients were included in the analysis of 10 articles, with a mean age of 68.9 years and 56% males. The pooled sensitivity of PPG and HH devices in AF detection was 0.93 and 0.87, respectively, while the specificity was 0.91 and 0.96. Fagan's nomogram showed a low probability of AF on PPG or HH devices with normal rhythm, but a high probability with irregular R-R intervals. The positive and negative likelihood ratios indicated high confirmation of AF and reliability of exclusion of absence of irregular R-R intervals on HH devices.
JOURNAL OF INTERVENTIONAL CARDIAC ELECTROPHYSIOLOGY
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ADVANCED MATERIALS
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Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Jianshu Song
Summary: This study provides a review of the literature on atrial fibrillation in China, highlighting the variations in AF prevalence and the need for improved antithrombotic therapy delivery and monitoring. It emphasizes the significant impact of atrial fibrillation on healthcare resources in China.
ANNALS OF NONINVASIVE ELECTROCARDIOLOGY
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Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
James E. Tooley et al.
Summary: Mobile health devices are capable of large-scale screening for atrial fibrillation, detecting more cases than usual care despite existing controversy. Consumer-driven screening is happening in both low-risk and high-risk populations. Young people, who are early adopters of these devices, may lead to more early onset atrial fibrillation patients coming to clinical attention.
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Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
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Summary: Machine learning has great potential in medicine, particularly in the detection and management of cardiovascular diseases such as atrial fibrillation. By utilizing machine learning technologies, patient care and clinical outcomes can be substantially improved, aiding cardiologists in the management of patients with atrial fibrillation.
CLINICAL RESEARCH IN CARDIOLOGY
(2022)
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Biology
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COMPUTERS IN BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE
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Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Melanie A. Gunawardene et al.
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Advanced Healthcare Materials
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Yansong Gai et al.
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Review
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Mohammed Salih et al.
Summary: Atrial fibrillation is a clinically significant arrhythmia with increasing prevalence in elderly patients. Individualized management taking into consideration complications such as embolic stroke and treatment options for stroke prevention is essential.
JOURNAL OF ARRHYTHMIA
(2021)
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Summary: This study investigated the application of machine learning and novel biomarkers in the diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease (AD). In addition to traditional Aβ and tau-related biomarkers, biomarkers related to neuronal injury, synaptic dysfunction, and neuroinflammation were explored. Machine learning combined with novel biomarkers and multiple variables may improve the sensitivity and specificity in diagnosing AD.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
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TRENDS IN BIOTECHNOLOGY
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Alvaro Alonso et al.
Summary: In recent decades, mortality rates in atrial fibrillation patients have decreased with no strong differences between men and women. These improvements may be due to advances in preventing thromboembolic complications of atrial fibrillation or better management of comorbidities.
TRENDS IN CARDIOVASCULAR MEDICINE
(2021)
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Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Fareed Moses S. Collado et al.
Summary: The majority of embolic strokes in patients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation are caused by thrombi in the left atrial appendage. It is projected that strokes related to atrial fibrillation will increase unless effective mitigation strategies are implemented. Systemic anticoagulation is effective in reducing stroke risk, but bleeding complications and nonadherence can be barriers. Surgical and percutaneous left atrial appendage occlusion devices are nonpharmacologic strategies to mitigate drug therapy challenges.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN HEART ASSOCIATION
(2021)
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Yuan Wang et al.
Summary: In recent years, significant progress has been made in the field of energy harvesting with PVDF and its copolymers as the most promising materials for piezoelectric nanogenerators.Researchers have reviewed the effects of various nanofillers on their piezoelectric response and energy-harvesting properties, aiming to convert environmental mechanical stimulus into electrical energy effectively.
Review
Clinical Neurology
Shraddha Mainali et al.
Summary: The application of machine learning in medicine has advanced rapidly over the past decade, with commercially available algorithms already being used in clinical settings for rapid diagnoses in stroke cases. The development of deep learning techniques has greatly improved the accuracy of stroke diagnosis and outcome prediction, although challenges still remain due to the multitude of factors influencing stroke prognosis. Despite the potential of machine learning, there are limitations such as small sample sizes in studies, emphasizing the need for more data collection and evaluation to enhance the efficacy of these tools in stroke management.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROLOGY
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Summary: In today's digital age, wearable electronics have become one of the most promising fields due to the increasing need and interest in personal and portable electronics. Nanogenerators, utilizing mechanical energy from human body activities, and fiber-structured functional materials with electrospinning technology are recognized as suitable energy sources with high efficiency. Electrospinning stands out as a promising technique for simple, versatile, and continuous fabrication of these energy applications.
MACROMOLECULAR MATERIALS AND ENGINEERING
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Summary: This review focuses on the real-world use and evolution of wearable cardiac monitoring devices for other arrhythmias, cardiovascular diseases and some risk factors beyond atrial fibrillation. Wearable technologies such as Holter, event recorder, ECG patches have a broad application in cardiology. Implementation in other patient cohorts, such as STEMI, heart failure or sleep apnea, is feasible and expanding, with the need for clinical studies to address validation of clinical pathways and appropriate device usage leading to clinical decisions.
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Juan Zhang et al.
Summary: This paper provides an overview of self-healing hydrogel flexible sensors, focusing on their self-healing mechanism and conductivity. Additionally, it summarizes and discusses the advantages and disadvantages of different types of sensors, identifies and discusses key issues and challenges for self-healing flexible sensors, and provides recommendations for the future.
Review
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Hack-Lyoung Kim et al.
Summary: Recent studies have found a correlation between arterial pulsatile hemodynamics and coronary artery disease, with measurements such as pulse pressure, pulse wave velocity, and augmentation index being useful in predicting future cardiovascular events in CAD patients. This highlights the importance of applying individualized therapy based on these measurements for optimal clinical outcomes.
KOREAN CIRCULATION JOURNAL
(2021)
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Chemistry, Physical
Shengyu Chao et al.
Summary: The development of Triboelectric Nanogenerator (TENG) based on degradable materials promotes next-generation green energy technologies, which help avoid pollution and hazards caused by metal and hardly degradable plastic materials. In addition, biodegradable devices with healthcare functions are highlighted as promising solutions for future applications.
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ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS
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Jonathan P. Mynard et al.
FRONTIERS IN PHYSIOLOGY
(2020)
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Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Junpeng Xu et al.