Meta-analytic prevalence of comorbid mental disorders in individuals at clinical high risk of psychosis: the case for transdiagnostic assessment

Article Psychiatry

Clinical outcomes in individuals at clinical high risk of psychosis who do not transition to psychosis: a meta-analysis

Gonzalo Salazar de Pablo et al.

Summary: Clinical outcomes improve in CHR-P individuals who do not transition to psychosis, but less than half of them experience remission over time.

EPIDEMIOLOGY AND PSYCHIATRIC SCIENCES (2022)

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Review Psychiatry

Public health primary prevention implemented by clinical high-risk services for psychosis

Andres Estrade et al.

Summary: This article systematically reviews the public health preventive initiatives of Clinical High Risk for Psychosis (CHR-P) services. The findings show that these services implement numerous measures targeting social determinants of mental disorders and promote good mental health. However, a major barrier is the lack of resources for expanding public health prevention at a large scale.

TRANSLATIONAL PSYCHIATRY (2022)

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Article Pediatrics

Reliability and Validity of the Bipolar Prodrome Symptom Interview and Scale-Full Prospective in Its Turkish Translation

Sermin Yalin Sapmaz et al.

Summary: This study assessed the psychometric properties of the Turkish version of the Bipolar Prodrome Symptom Interview and Scale-Full Prospective (BPSS-FP) in psychiatric service users aged 11-18 years old. The results showed that the BPSS-FP had good internal consistency, convergent/discriminant validity, and inter-rater reliability. There were high correlations between the BPSS-FP Mania Symptom Index subscore and the Young Mania Rating Scale (YMRS), as well as the BPSS-FP Depression Symptom Index subscore and the Children's Depression Rating Scale-Revised (CDRS-R). The ROC analysis identified a cut-off value for the BPSS-FP Mania Symptom Index that can differentiate between patients with bipolar disorder and major depressive disorder. The findings suggest that the BPSS-FP has utility in research.

JOURNAL OF CHILD AND ADOLESCENT PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY (2022)

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Review Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Age at onset of mental disorders worldwide: large-scale meta-analysis of 192 epidemiological studies

Marco Solmi et al.

Summary: This study emphasizes the importance of promoting good mental health, prevention, and early intervention before the onset of mental disorders. It found that different types of mental disorders have different age at onset characteristics, providing valuable guidance for the timing of interventions for specific mental disorders.

MOLECULAR PSYCHIATRY (2022)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Global population attributable fraction of potentially modifiable risk factors for mental disorders: a meta-umbrella systematic review

Elena Dragioti et al.

Summary: This study quantifies the Population Attributable Fraction (PAF) of potentially modifiable risk factors for mental disorders and finds that addressing several risk factors, particularly childhood adversities, can reduce the global population-level incidence of mental disorders.

MOLECULAR PSYCHIATRY (2022)

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Review Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Prognostic accuracy and clinical utility of psychometric instruments for individuals at clinical high-risk of psychosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Dominic Oliver et al.

Summary: Accurate prognostication of individuals at clinical high-risk for psychosis is crucial for effective primary indicated prevention. This study summarizes the prognostic accuracy and clinical utility of CHR-P assessments and finds that psychometric instruments can accurately predict psychosis risk in clinical samples, although with lower specificity. The Population Attributable Fraction of the CHR-P state is 10.9%.

MOLECULAR PSYCHIATRY (2022)

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Article Psychiatry

Impact of Comorbid Affective Disorders on Longitudinal Clinical Outcomes in Individuals at Ultra-high Risk for Psychosis

Frederike Schirmbeck et al.

Summary: This study found that a past depressive episode in UHR individuals is associated with a higher risk of an unfavorable course of APS, while past or current anxiety disorders may be associated with a lower risk of an unfavorable course. Additionally, past depression is significantly associated with a higher risk of transitioning to psychosis.

SCHIZOPHRENIA BULLETIN (2022)

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Review Psychology, Developmental

Annual Research Review: Prevention of psychosis in adolescents - systematic review and meta-analysis of advances in detection, prognosis and intervention

Ana Catalan et al.

Summary: The study found that it is possible to predict the risk development of clinical high-risk psychosis in adolescents through detection, and different intervention methods play a positive role in preventing the transition to psychosis. However, more future interventional research is needed.

JOURNAL OF CHILD PSYCHOLOGY AND PSYCHIATRY (2021)

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Review Neurosciences

Prevalence of Individuals at Clinical High-Risk of Psychosis in the General Population and Clinical Samples: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Gonzalo Salazar de Pablo et al.

Summary: The prevalence of the CHR-P state is low in the general population and ten times higher in clinical samples. The prevalence of CHR-P may increase with a higher proportion of females in the general population and with a younger population in clinical samples. The CHR-P state may be unrecognized in routine clinical practice. These findings can refine detection and preventive strategies.

BRAIN SCIENCES (2021)

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Article Psychiatry

Preventive psychiatry: a blueprint for improving the mental health of young people

Paolol Fusar-Poli et al.

Summary: This paper discusses the role of preventive psychiatry in improving mental health in young people, highlighting the advantages and limitations of different methods and strategies. Future research and practice are recommended to integrate various frameworks, emphasize multivariable, transdiagnostic, multi-endpoint epidemiological knowledge, and focus on the synergistic prevention of common and infrequent mental disorders, as well as the joint prevention of physical and mental health burden.

WORLD PSYCHIATRY (2021)

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Review Medicine, General & Internal

The PRISMA 2020 statement: an updated guideline for reporting systematic reviews

Matthew J. Page et al.

Summary: The PRISMA statement was designed to help systematic reviewers transparently report the purpose, methods, and findings of their reviews. The updated PRISMA 2020 statement includes new reporting guidance, a 27-item checklist, an abstract checklist, and revised flow diagrams for reviews.

BMJ-BRITISH MEDICAL JOURNAL (2021)

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Article Psychiatry

Risk and protective factors for mental disorders beyond genetics: an evidence-based atlas

Celso Arango et al.

Summary: This meta-umbrella systematic synthesis identified 176 high-quality associations between risk or protective factors and mental disorders, with the most robust factors found to be involved in the early neurodevelopmental period. High physical activity was identified as the only robust protective factor for Alzheimer's disease, highlighting the importance of early intervention and preventive strategies for mental disorders.

WORLD PSYCHIATRY (2021)

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Article Psychiatry

Neurocognitive Functioning in Individuals at Clinical High Risk for Psychosis A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

Ana Catalan et al.

Summary: Neurocognitive functioning is a potential biomarker in individuals at clinical high risk for psychosis. The study found medium to large deficits in neurocognitive functioning in CHR-P individuals compared to healthy controls, and less impairment compared to individuals with first-episode psychosis. Meta-regressions identified age and education as significant factors affecting processing speed.

JAMA PSYCHIATRY (2021)

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Article Psychiatry

Probability of Transition to Psychosis in Individuals at Clinical High Risk An Updated Meta-analysis

Gonzalo Salazar de Pablo et al.

Summary: This study quantitatively analyzed the risk of transitioning from CHR-P individuals to psychosis, finding that the transition risk continues to increase in both short and long terms. Lower proportion of female individuals and higher frequency of brief psychotic symptoms were associated with increased transition risk.

JAMA PSYCHIATRY (2021)

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Review Psychiatry

Transition to psychosis in randomized clinical trials of individuals at clinical high risk of psychosis compared to observational cohorts: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Gonzalo Salazar de Pablo et al.

Summary: This study analyzed the risk of transitioning to psychosis in individuals at clinical high risk of psychosis recruited in randomized clinical trials and observational cohorts. Results showed no significant differences in transition risks at 0.5, 1, and 2 years between the two groups. The proportion of individuals with substance use disorders was higher in observational cohorts compared to RCTs. Further research is needed to identify effective interventions for preventing psychosis in this at-risk group.

EUROPEAN PSYCHIATRY (2021)

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Article Medicine, General & Internal

Longitudinal outcome of attenuated positive symptoms, negative symptoms, functioning and remission in people at clinical high risk for psychosis: a meta-analysis

Gonzalo Salazar de Pablo et al.

Summary: The meta-analysis study revealed that CHR-P individuals show improvements in symptoms and functional outcomes over time, but sustaining these improvements in the long term is challenging, with less than half of patients achieving full remission.

ECLINICALMEDICINE (2021)

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Review Psychiatry