Journal
MOLECULAR CANCER
Volume 22, Issue 1, Pages -Publisher
BMC
DOI: 10.1186/s12943-023-01725-x
Keywords
Tumor-associated macrophages; Immune checkpoint inhibitors; Cancer; Combined therapy
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In recent years, tumor immunotherapy, especially immune checkpoint inhibitors, has shown significant progress. However, these treatments are only effective for a small proportion of patients with solid cancers. Tumor-associated macrophages play a crucial role in the tumor microenvironment and have been shown to impact the therapeutic effect of PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors.
In recent years, tumor immunotherapy has made significant progress. However, tumor immunotherapy, particularly immune checkpoint inhibitors (e.g., PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors), benefits only a tiny proportion of patients in solid cancers. The tumor microenvironment (TME) acts a significant role in tumor immunotherapy. Studies reported that tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), as one of the main components of TME, seriously affected the therapeutic effect of PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors. In this review, we analyzed TAMs from epigenetic and single-cell perspectives and introduced the role and mechanisms of TAMs in anti-programmed death protein 1(anti-PD-1) therapy. In addition, we summarized combination regimens that enhance the efficacy of tumor PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors and elaborated on the role of the TAMs in different solid cancers. Eventually, the clinical value of TAMs by influencing the therapeutic effect of tumor PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors was discussed. These above are beneficial to elucidate poor therapeutic effect of PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors in solid tumors from the point of view of TAMs and explore the strategies to improve its objective remission rate of solid cancers.
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