Related references
Note: Only part of the references are listed.
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Mahzad Erami et al.
Summary: With the spread of COVID-19, new clinical challenges have emerged in healthcare settings, including a high risk of secondary invasive fungal infections. We report a case of invasive fungal rhino orbital sinusitis in a 70-year-old Afghan female with COVID-19, co-infected with Rhizopus oryzae and Lomentospora prolificans, both identified by sequencing. The patient underwent surgical debridement and received liposomal amphotericin B and voriconazole, with a good outcome upon discharge. This is the first reported case of co-infection of COVID-19-associated mucormycosis and Lomentospora prolificans infection, and multiple fungal co-infections in COVID-19 patients are reviewed.
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Vivek Dokania et al.
Summary: The study describes an increased risk of invasive fungal rhinosinusitis in patients with COVID-19, particularly those who have received steroids, antibiotics, and monoclonal antibodies. Common underlying disorders include diabetes mellitus, with a significant portion of patients newly diagnosed with the condition during or after COVID-19 infection.
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(2022)
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Infectious Diseases
Niranjan Nayak et al.
Summary: Cases of rhinoorbital mucormycosis in COVID-19 patients have been reported in India. Diabetes and steroid use are considered as precipitating factors for acquiring this fungal infection. The infection is highly invasive and has a poor clinical outcome. Timely diagnosis, parenteral administration of amphotericin B, judicious use of steroids, glycemic control, and surgical debridement are recommended for effective management.
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Otorhinolaryngology
L. Varghese et al.
Summary: This study aimed to determine the risk factors affecting mortality in acute invasive fungal sinusitis. The results showed that female sex, less than two weeks between symptoms and first intervention, and intracranial involvement were significant risk factors for mortality. Other factors such as peri-orbital swelling, restricted ocular movements, and intracranial symptoms were also found to be associated with mortality.
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Medicine, Research & Experimental
Fernanda Barberis et al.
Summary: Invasive fungal infections such as aspergillosis and candidiasis are common complications in critically ill patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome due to COVID-19. However, invasive infections by other molds are rarely reported. We present a case of invasive fusariosis in a severe COVID-19 patient with a fatal outcome.
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Immunology
Mahzad Erami et al.
Summary: This is the first reported case of COVID-19-associated mucormycosis (CAM), where a 40-year-old woman admitted to the hospital with SARS-CoV-2 infection eventually died due to respiratory failure, hemodynamic instability, and mucormycosis invasion into the orbit and possibly the brain. The fungus involved was identified as Apophysomyces variabilis based on DNA sequence analysis.
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Otorhinolaryngology
Wael F. Ismaiel et al.
Summary: The incidence of AIFRS is significantly higher in post-COVID-19 patients, especially in immunocompromised, diabetic, renal, and liver dysfunction patients as well as those with risk factors for rhinosinusitis, compared to non-COVID-19 patients. Common organisms affecting patients with AIFRS include Rhizopus oryzae, Aspergillus fumigatus, and Absidia mucor.
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Summary: This study examined the occurrence of invasive fungal respiratory superinfections in severe COVID-19 patients admitted to five ICUs in France, finding that patients with no underlying immunosuppression seem at low risk of invasive fungal secondary infection.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF RESPIRATORY AND CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE
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Zesemayat K. Mekonnen et al.
Summary: Acute invasive fungal rhinosinusitis is a rare and dangerous infection primarily affecting immunosuppressed individuals, with COVID-19 patients being particularly susceptible to fungal coinfections. Prompt recognition and treatment of fungal infections are crucial for improving patient survival.
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Antonio Camargo Martins et al.
Summary: The study found a low rate of COVID-19 co-infection with IFI, but with high mortality. Most cases were diagnosed in ICU patients. Cases of aspergillosis emerged earlier than those of candidemia, all patients with both infections ultimately died.
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Virology
Hamed Fakhim et al.
Summary: The study in Isfahan, Iran investigated the prevalence of COVID-19 among healthcare workers, revealing that a portion of them had a history of suspected infection with SARS-CoV2, with most being asymptomatic carriers. The use of reverse-transcriptase real-time-PCR is recommended for the diagnosis of infections.
Review
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
W. H. Chong et al.
Summary: CAPA is defined as invasive pulmonary aspergillosis occurring in COVID-19 patients, with a high mortality rate of 48.4%. The diagnosis is limited by lack of standardized criteria, necessitating further research to determine the optimal diagnostic approach.
JOURNAL OF HOSPITAL INFECTION
(2021)
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Medicine, Research & Experimental
Noha Ahmed El-Kholy et al.
Summary: Invasive fungal respiratory superinfections in patients with COVID-19 have gained attention, but acute invasive fungal sinusitis in these patients remains poorly described. This study aimed to address this gap, showing that early suspicion and management of acute invasive fungal sinusitis among COVID-19 patients can lead to better outcomes and higher survival rates.
Review
Microbiology
Giacomo Casalini et al.
Summary: Invasive fungal infections are a common complication in COVID-19 patients, leading to increased mortality rates, especially in critically ill patients. Specific diagnostic algorithms for conditions like COVID-19-associated invasive pulmonary aspergillosis may not be applicable. Studies have shown high mortality rates associated with these infections, such as candidemia and mucormycosis, in COVID-19 patients.
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Immunology
Shima Aboutalebian et al.
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Immunology
Omid Raiesi et al.
Summary: This study aimed to determine the prevalence, causative agents, clinical features, and risk factors associated with fungal rhinosinusitis. Common causes of infection included A. flavus and Rhizopus oryzae. Variables significantly associated with AIFRS included mucosal abnormalities of the middle turbinate and septum, and specifically, necrosis of the middle turbinate.
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Summary: This case report details a post COVID-19 Sino-orbital Mucormycosis infection caused by Rhizopus oryzae and its management. Mucormycosis typically develops secondary to immunosuppression or debilitating diseases, highlighting the importance of early diagnosis and intervention for a good prognosis. Research is needed on COVID-19 patients for better prevention and management of opportunistic infections to reduce incidence and morbidity.
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Aditya Moorthy et al.
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Mycology
Deepak Garg et al.
Summary: The study discussed a case of probable pulmonary mucormycosis in a COVID-19 patient, highlighting the severity of the disease and the importance of aggressive management for better outcomes. A systematic review revealed that diabetes mellitus was the most common risk factor, and the concurrent use of glucocorticoids may also increase the risk of mucormycosis.
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