In situ forming pH/ROS-responsive niche-like hydrogel for ultrasound-mediated multiple therapy in synergy with potentiating anti-tumor immunity

Article Engineering, Biomedical

In situ forming oxygen/ROS-responsive niche-like hydrogel enabling gelation-triggered chemotherapy and inhibition of metastasis

Shi-Xiong Chen et al.

Summary: In this study, a novel hydrogel containing AQ4N was developed to remodel the tumor hypoxic microenvironment, and combined with Pazopanib to inhibit lung metastasis, resulting in a synergistic effect for chemotherapy.

BIOACTIVE MATERIALS (2023)

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Article Engineering, Biomedical

Immunogenic nanomedicine based on GSH-responsive nanoscale covalent organic polymers for chemo-sonodynamic therapy

Fengyun Shen et al.

Summary: Researchers have synthesized a covalent organic polymer with good physiological stability and sonosensitization efficacy through esterification of a water insoluble sonosensitizer with a oxaliplatin prodrug and PEG. This polymer can induce effective immunogenic cancer cell death under ultrasound exposure and also be used for real-time tracking of dyes and radioisotopes in disease tissues, enhancing the treatment outcome of SDT.

BIOMATERIALS (2022)

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Article Nanoscience & Nanotechnology

A nanovaccine for antigen self-presentation and immunosuppression reversal as a personalized cancer immunotherapy strategy

Chao Liu et al.

Summary: This study presents a genetically engineered cell membrane nanovesicle for cancer immunotherapy. The nanovaccine, named ASPIRE, can improve antigen delivery to lymphoid organs and generate broad-spectrum T-cell responses that eliminate established tumors. This work provides a powerful vaccine formula that can directly activate both native T cells and exhausted T cells, suggesting a general strategy for personalized cancer immunotherapy.

NATURE NANOTECHNOLOGY (2022)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Immunostimulant In Situ Hydrogel Improves Synergetic Radioimmunotherapy of Malignant Glioblastoma Relapse Post-Resection

Shuo Sun et al.

Summary: This study develops an injectable hydrogel capable of sustained release of specific substances for the treatment of glioblastoma recurrence after surgical resection. The treatment method effectively inhibits tumor growth by activating the immune response and enhancing tumor immunogenicity, and also induces long-term immune memory to prevent recurrence.

ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS (2022)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

The metastatic spread of breast cancer accelerates during sleep

Zoi Diamantopoulou et al.

Summary: The generation of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) with metastatic ability is concentrated during the rest phase, and CTCs generated during the active phase lack metastatic ability. Mechanistically, the upregulation of mitotic genes during the rest phase enables CTCs' metastasis proficiency. Circadian rhythm hormones such as melatonin, testosterone and glucocorticoids dictate the generation dynamics of CTCs, and insulin promotes tumor cell proliferation in a time-dependent manner.

NATURE (2022)

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Review Oncology

Triple negative breast cancer: Pitfalls and progress

Paola Zagami et al.

Summary: Triple negative breast cancer is a subtype of breast cancer characterized by the lack of hormone receptors and HER2 expression. It has a higher incidence among Black and pre-menopausal women and a poorer prognosis. Currently, there is a lack of targeted therapy for TNBC, but early outcomes have improved with intensified treatments and immunotherapy. Future efforts are needed to identify targetable abnormalities, prevent immune evasion, and provide more social-economic support.

NPJ BREAST CANCER (2022)

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Review Oncology

The lingering mysteries of metastatic recurrence in breast cancer

Alessandra I. Riggio et al.

Summary: This review provides an overview of the key factors influencing metastatic recurrence in breast cancer, highlighting critical unanswered questions that need to be addressed.

BRITISH JOURNAL OF CANCER (2021)

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Article Oncology

Single-cell analyses reveal key immune cell subsets associated with response to PD-L1 blockade in triple-negative breast cancer

Yuanyuan Zhang et al.

Summary: The study indicates that high levels of baseline CXCL13(+) T cells are associated with effective responses to combination therapy in triple-negative breast cancer patients. These cells increase following combination therapy but decrease after monotherapy, highlighting their importance in predicting treatment outcomes.

CANCER CELL (2021)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Anomalous collapses of Nares Strait ice arches leads to enhanced export of Arctic sea ice

G. W. K. Moore et al.

Summary: Ice arches at the northern and southern ends of Nares Strait, a key passage in the Arctic, are forming for shorter durations, leading to increased ice transport and accelerating the export of multi-year ice.

NATURE COMMUNICATIONS (2021)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Spatial immunophenotypes predict response to anti-PD1 treatment and capture distinct paths of T cell evasion in triple negative breast cancer

Dora Hammerl et al.

Summary: Only a subset of triple-negative breast cancer patients respond to immunotherapy, with spatial immune contextures analyzed in relation to genomic alterations, mechanisms of T cell evasion, and response to anti-PD1 treatment. The study identified various immune phenotypes associated with resistance or response to anti-PD1, providing insights into the complex interactions within the tumor microenvironment.

NATURE COMMUNICATIONS (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Transformable Nanosensitizer with Tumor Microenvironment-Activated Sonodynamic Process and Calcium Release for Enhanced Cancer Immunotherapy

Xuan Tan et al.

Summary: The study introduces a smart nanosonosensitizer TiO2@CaP which enhances the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) under ultrasound activation, inducing mitochondrial dysfunction in the tumor microenvironment and promoting immunogenic cell death, resulting in T-cell infiltration and systemic antitumor immunity. This approach holds promise for developing TME-activatable sonosensitizers with temporospatial control over antitumor responses.

ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE-INTERNATIONAL EDITION (2021)

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Article Engineering, Biomedical

A near infrared ratiometric platform based π-extended porphyrin metal-organic framework for O2 imaging and cancer therapy

Bo-Ru Xie et al.

Summary: A newly developed photosensitizer, PTP, can achieve ratiometric oxygen imaging and induce cancer cell death more effectively through photodynamic therapy, combined with immunotherapy to significantly suppress cancer growth and metastasis.

BIOMATERIALS (2021)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Galectin-1 fosters an immunosuppressive microenvironment in colorectal cancer by reprogramming CD8(+) regulatory T cells

Alejandro J. Cagnoni et al.

Summary: Colorectal cancer is a common malignancy with limited response to immunotherapy, prompting the need for new biomarkers and therapeutic targets. Gal-1, as an endogenous glycan-binding protein, has been found to influence the activity of CD8(+) regulatory T cells in CRC, suggesting a potential immunotherapeutic approach for this disease.

PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA (2021)

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Article Engineering, Biomedical

Early phago-/endosomal escape of platinum drugs via ROS-responsive micelles for dual cancer chemo/immunotherapy

Pei-Wei Shueng et al.

Summary: Recent studies suggest that immunotherapy alone for cancer treatment is not viable, and combination with other strategies is necessary. A newly designed micelle can enhance ROS levels in the entire tumor tissue, inhibiting cancer cell growth and boosting immune response through various mechanisms.

BIOMATERIALS (2021)

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Review Engineering, Biomedical

Metal peroxides for cancer treatment

Jin He et al.

Summary: Metal peroxides, such as CaO2, have gained increasing attention in cancer treatment due to their ability to release metal ions and hydrogen peroxide in the acidic tumor microenvironment, leading to improved therapeutic outcomes. By combining with photosensitizers, enzymes or Fenton reagents, metal peroxides can assist and enhance various tumor therapies.

BIOACTIVE MATERIALS (2021)

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Article Oncology

Analysis of the tumor microenvironment and anti-tumor efficacy of subcutaneous vs systemic delivery of the bifunctional agent bintrafusp alfa

Yohei Ozawa et al.

Summary: Most monoclonal antibodies are delivered intravenously, but subcutaneous delivery may also be as effective. Bintrafusp alfa, a bifunctional fusion protein targeting two key immunosuppressive pathways, has shown similar anti-tumor effects when administered systemically or subcutaneously in preclinical studies.

ONCOIMMUNOLOGY (2021)

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Review Polymer Science