Journal
LIVER INTERNATIONAL
Volume -, Issue -, Pages -Publisher
WILEY
DOI: 10.1111/liv.15619
Keywords
acute liver failure; acute-on-chronic liver failure; interleukin-22
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Acute liver failure (ALF) is a life-threatening condition characterized by rapidly progressing liver dysfunction, while acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF) occurs in patients with existing chronic liver disease. Both conditions are associated with multiple organ failure and high short-term mortality. This review discusses the causes, pathogenesis, and current treatment options for ALF and ACLF, and explores the potential therapeutic use of interleukin-22 (IL-22), a cytokine that has shown promise in protecting against organ damage and reducing bacterial infection.
Acute liver failure (ALF) is a life-threatening medical condition, characterized by rapidly progressive hepatic dysfunction, coagulopathy and hepatic encephalopathy in patients without chronic liver disease, while acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF) occurs in patients with existing chronic liver disease. ALF and ACLF are often associated with multiple organ failure and a high short-term mortality. In this review, we briefly discuss the causes and pathogenesis of ALF and ACLF, the current options available for the treatment of both deadly maladies and interleukin-22 (IL-22), a novel promising drug that may have great therapeutic potential for ALF and ACLF treatment. IL-22 is a cytokine produced by immune cells but mainly targets epithelial cells including hepatocytes. IL-22 has been shown to protect against organ damage and reduce bacterial infection in many preclinical models and several clinical trials including alcohol-associated hepatitis. The potential application of IL-22 for the treatment of ALF and ACLF is also elaborated.
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