First evidence of free-living Naegleria species in recreational lakes of Alberta, Canada

Rising temperatures are increasing environmental habitats for thermotolerant pathogens, such as the so-called 'brain-eating amoeba', Naegleria fowleri. To the best of our knowledge, however, Naegleria species have not been reported in environmental water sources in Canada. We surveyed popular recreational lakes in Alberta, Canada during the summer bathing period to determine the presence or absence of Naegleria species. While N. fowleri was not isolated in this study, we identified other thermotolerant species, including Naegleria pagei, Naegleria gruberi, Naegleria jejuensis and Naegleria fultoni using culture-based methods, hence indicating the potential conditions to support N. fowleri. Ongoing monitoring and examination of water for pathogenic amoebae is recommended in order to assist in the public health management of water sources.

Automated summary

Rising temperatures are expanding habitats for thermotolerant pathogens, including Naegleria fowleri, known as the 'brain-eating amoeba'. Although Naegleria species have not been found in environmental water sources in Canada, we identified other thermotolerant species, such as Naegleria pagei, Naegleria gruberi, Naegleria jejuensis and Naegleria fultoni, indicating the potential for supporting N. fowleri. It is recommended to continue monitoring and examining water for pathogenic amoebae in order to manage public health risks.