4.6 Article

Optimization and Fabrication of Binder-Free Nickel-Copper Phosphate Battery-type Electrode Using Microwave-Assisted Hydrothermal Method

Journal

JOURNAL OF THE ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY
Volume 170, Issue 3, Pages -

Publisher

ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC
DOI: 10.1149/1945-7111/acc213

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A binder-free nickel-copper phosphate battery-type electrode was successfully fabricated using a microwave-assisted hydrothermal technique. The electrode showed high specific capacity and excellent electrochemical properties, making it a promising choice for battery-type electrodes in electrochemical energy storage applications.
In this study, a binder-free nickel-copper phosphate battery-type electrode was fabricated using a microwave-assisted hydrothermal technique. The fabrication process was optimized with Design of Experiment (DoE) software and then validated experimentally. The electrode made at 90 degrees C for 12.5 min, with a Ni:Cu precursor ratio of 3:1, had the highest specific capacity. The experimental specific capacity of the optimized nickel-copper phosphate (Ni3-Cu-P) binder-free electrode was 96.2% of the theoretical value predicted by the software, which was within 10% error. Moreover, the growth of amorphous Ni3-Cu-P electrode material with irregular microspheres of small size was observed on the surface of nickel foam. These amorphous microspherical shapes of the Ni3-Cu-P electrode material provide more electroactive sites and a larger active surface area for faradaic reaction. In electrochemical energy storage applications, the Ni3-Cu-P electrode outperformed the bare Ni-P and Cu-P electrodes, with the highest areal capacity (0.77 C cm(-2)), the lowest charge transfer resistance (81.7 omega), and the highest capacity retention (83.9%) at 2.0 mA cm(-2). The study indicates that the Ni3-Cu-P electrode's exceptional electrochemical properties result from the interaction between nickel and copper in the binary metal phosphate framework, making it an excellent choice for battery-type electrodes used in electrochemical energy storage applications.

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