Protective effect of Allium scorodoprasum L. ethanolic extract in cyclophosphamide-induced hepatotoxicity model in rats

Objectives Cyclophosphamide is a chemotherapeutic agent and immunosuppressant drug; however, it damages the liver. This study investigates the protective effect of ethanolic extract of Allium scorodoprasum (ASE) on cyclophosphamide-induced liver injury. Methods Twenty-eight Wistar albino rats were randomly divided into four groups (n = 7 per group): healthy rats, cyclophosphamide (200 mg/kg), cyclophosphamide (200 mg/kg) + ASE (100 mg/kg) and cyclophosphamide (200 mg/kg) + ASE (200 mg/kg). ASE was administered for 14 days, and the rats were euthanized 24 h after cyclophosphamide administration. Key findings Cyclophosphamide treatment leads to an increase in serum levels of alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, lactate dehydrogenase, total cholesterol, triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein and very low-density lipoprotein, as well as an increase in the liver levels of malondialdehyde, tumour necrosis factor, interleukin (IL)-1 beta and IL-6, while high-density lipoprotein levels decrease. Treatment with cyclophosphamide caused liver necrosis and postnecrotic cell infiltration; however, pathological changes were prevented by ASE. 8-Hydroxy-2MODIFIER LETTER PRIME-deoxyguanosine, anti-4-hydroxynenal antibody and anti-dityrosine levels increased in rats treated with cyclophosphamide and decreased in the groups treated with ASE. These changes were dose dependent in the ASE-treated groups. Conclusions Treatment with cyclophosphamide caused liver damage due to oxidative stress and inflammation. ASE regulated the damage at high doses because it has potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory ingredients. In future studies, it may be beneficial to administer ASE in higher doses or for longer periods of time.

Automated summary

This study investigated the protective effect of ethanolic extract of Allium scorodoprasum (ASE) on cyclophosphamide-induced liver injury. The results showed that ASE can alleviate liver damage caused by cyclophosphamide and has potential antioxidant and anti-inflammatory ingredients.