Synthesis microwave-assisted: fast method to obtain lithium-doped sodium titanate

In this work, the variation in the structural and electrical properties of lithium-doped sodium titanate, obtained from an ultrafast (15 min) microwave-assisted synthesis has been reported. X-ray diffraction and Rietveld analysis have been done to identify the present phases, their composition, and lattice parameters. Na2Ti3O7 was identified as the major phase, while Na2Ti6O13 was obtained as a secondary phase in all samples. The phase composition usually varies depending on the content of the doping element. In the sample with 0.5% lithium ions, an additional phase corresponding to NaLiTi3O7 appeared. The microstructure of the ceramic samples showed an increase in the grains size and the appearance of small particles on the surface of the grains. This effect becomes more evident for the samples with 0.5% Li. Finally, the electrical properties of the ceramic samples studied were favored with an increase in doping and sigma(dc) values of 1.94 x 10(- 5) S cm(- 1), 2.51 x 10(- 5) S cm(- 1), and 4.00 x 10(- 5) S cm(- 1) were determined for Na2 - xLixTi3O7 with x = 0.0%, 0.1%, 0.5% of Li+.

Automated summary

This work reports on the variation in the structural and electrical properties of lithium-doped sodium titanate synthesized through an ultrafast microwave-assisted method. X-ray diffraction and Rietveld analysis were used to identify the phases present and their composition. Na2Ti3O7 was identified as the main phase, while Na2Ti6O13 was obtained as a secondary phase in all samples. The addition of 0.5% lithium ions resulted in the appearance of an additional phase, NaLiTi3O7. The microstructure of the ceramic samples showed increased grain size and the presence of small particles on the grain surface. The electrical properties of the samples were improved with increased doping, with sigma(dc) values of 1.94 x 10(- 5) S cm(- 1), 2.51 x 10(- 5) S cm(- 1), and 4.00 x 10(- 5) S cm(- 1) determined for Na2 - xLixTi3O7 with x = 0.0%, 0.1%, and 0.5% of Li+.