Excellent Mechanical Properties, Wettability and Biological Response of Ultrafine-Grained Pure Ti Dental Implant Surface Modified by SLActive

The main purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of microstructuring plus a surface modification method, named SLActive, on mechanical properties and biocompatibility of coarse-grained (CG) titanium grade 2 by in vitro test. In fact, SLActive process is a developed SLA method. To investigate the effects of these two applications on coarse-grained Ti-gr2, this last was grain-refined by the equal channel angular pressing (ECAP). Afterward, SLA and SLActive methods were applied on coarse-grained (CG)-Ti grade 2, ultrafine-grained (UFG)-Ti grade 2, coarse-grained (CG)-Ti grade 4 and Ti-6Al-4 V alloy. Tensile test revealed that mechanical properties of UFG-Ti-gr2 were all developed up to those of Ti-6Al-4 V. Vickers microhardness test showed an increase in hardness of similar to 162% for UFG-Ti-gr2 compared to CG-Ti-gr2. Surface roughness test indicated the surface of UFG-Ti-gr2 as the roughest among others. The drop test registered an angle of similar to 0 degrees for all SLActive samples. MTT test represented the highest cell viability and proliferation for SLActive UFG-Ti-gr2 sample. As it was found out from results, the SLActive UFG-Ti-gr2 sample presented the highest potential, among other materials, to be used in dental implant production industries.

Automated summary

The aim of this study is to investigate the impact of microstructuring plus a surface modification method named SLActive on the mechanical properties and biocompatibility of coarse-grained (CG) titanium grade 2 through in vitro tests. SLActive is a developed method based on SLA. The study involved grain-refinement of CG-Ti grade 2 using equal channel angular pressing (ECAP), followed by the application of SLA and SLActive methods on various titanium alloys. Results showed that UFG-Ti-gr2 exhibited improved mechanical properties comparable to Ti-6Al-4 V, increased microhardness, and the roughest surface among the tested materials. MTT test demonstrated the highest cell viability and proliferation for SLActive UFG-Ti-gr2, suggesting its potential for dental implant production.