Using N-15 to determine the metabolic fate of dietary nitrogen in North Pacific spiny dogfish (Squalus acanthias suckleyi)

Marine elasmobranchs are ureosmotic, retaining large concentrations of urea to balance their internal osmotic pressure with that of the external marine environment. The synthesis of urea requires the intake of exogenous nitrogen to maintain whole-body nitrogen balance and satisfy obligatory osmoregulatory and somatic processes. We hypothesized that dietary nitrogen may be directed toward the synthesis of specific nitrogenous molecules in post-fed animals; specifically, we predicted the preferential accumulation and retention of labelled nitrogen would be directed towards the synthesis of urea necessary for osmoregulatory purposes. North Pacific spiny dogfish (Squalus acanthias suckleyi) were fed a single meal of 7 mmol l-1 (NH4Cl)-N-15 in a 2% ration by body mass of herring slurry via gavage. Dietary labelled nitrogen was tracked from ingestion to tissue incorporation and the subsequent synthesis of nitrogenous compounds (urea, glutamine, bulk amino acids, protein) in the intestinal spiral valve, plasma, liver and muscle. Within 20 h post -feeding, we found labelled nitrogen was incorporated into all tissues examined. The highest d(15)N values were seen in the anterior region of the spiral valve at 20 h post-feeding, suggesting this region was particularly important in assimilating the dietary labelled nitrogen. In all tissues examined, enrichment of the nitrogenous compounds was sustained throughout the 168 h experimental period, highlighting the ability of these animals to retain and use dietary nitrogen for both osmoregulatory and somatic processes.

Automated summary

Marine elasmobranchs retain large concentrations of urea to balance osmotic pressure and take in exogenous nitrogen to maintain nitrogen balance and satisfy osmoregulatory and somatic processes. Dietary nitrogen is directed towards the synthesis of specific nitrogenous molecules, with preferential accumulation and retention of nitrogen for osmoregulatory purposes.