Recent progress on nanozymes in electrochemical sensing

Nanozymes, as emerging artificial enzymes with superior catalytical properties and high stability, have attracted broad attention in the sensing field. As an important branch, nanozyme-based electrochemical sensing experienced fast growth in the last few years in combination with the intrinsic enzyme-mimic activity and unique physicochemical features owing to the high sensitivity, excellent selectivity, ease for miniaturization and versatile signal reporting modes. Generally, the electrochemical sensing can be achieved using nanozymes as signal tags for amplification or as the advanced catalysts for generating/influencing the electroactive probes. To highlight the achievement in this field, the representative works based on different signal reporting manners including traditional electrochemical assays and the evolutionary modes of electrochemiluminescent and photoelectrochemical sensing are discussed in details in the present work. Finally, the current challenges and perspectives facing are given.

Automated summary

Nanozymes, as emerging artificial enzymes, have attracted attention in the sensing field due to their superior catalytic properties and high stability. Nanozyme-based electrochemical sensing has experienced fast growth, providing high sensitivity, selectivity, ease of miniaturization, and versatile signal reporting modes. This article discusses representative works in the field, focusing on different signal reporting manners, such as traditional electrochemical assays, electrochemiluminescent, and photoelectrochemical sensing. Furthermore, the current challenges and future perspectives are also addressed.