A perspective on inaccurate measurements in oxygen reduction and carbon dioxide reduction reactions

Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Scalable Molten Salt Synthesis of Platinum Alloys Planted in Metal-Nitrogen-Graphene for Efficient Oxygen Reduction

Shahid Zaman et al.

Summary: The study of a low-platinum nanoalloy-implanted graphene catalyst for fuel cells shows high efficiency and durability, providing important insights for the future development of fuel cell technology.

ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE-INTERNATIONAL EDITION (2022)

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Article Chemistry, Physical

Trace doping of early transition metal enabled efficient and durable oxygen reduction catalysis on Pt-based ultrathin nanowires

Lei Gao et al.

Summary: The study introduces early transition metal Re into ultrathin PtNiGa nanowires for the first time, showcasing significant enhancements in activity and durability. Experiment results demonstrate that Re-PtNiGa tetrametallic nanowires exhibit superior performance in terms of mass activity and durability.

APPLIED CATALYSIS B-ENVIRONMENTAL (2022)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Engineering Water Molecules Activation Center on Multisite Electrocatalysts for Enhanced CO2 Methanation

Shenghua Chen et al.

Summary: This study presents a novel tandem catalyst that efficiently converts CO2 to CH4, improving CH4 yield and increasing Faradaic efficiency, offering a promising strategy for the rational design of high-efficiency multisite catalytic systems.

JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY (2022)

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Article Chemistry, Physical

Rigorous Evaluation of Liquid Products in High-Rate CO2/CO Electrolysis

Ming Ma et al.

Summary: In this work, the water crossover phenomenon in CO2 electrolysis is analyzed and its impact on the catalytic selectivity of liquid products is demonstrated. A reliable method for quantifying liquid products in high-rate CO2/CO electrolysis is proposed.

ACS ENERGY LETTERS (2022)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Design of Co-Cu Diatomic Site Catalysts for High-efficiency Synergistic CO2 Electroreduction at Industrial-level Current Density

Jun-Dong Yi et al.

Summary: The CoCu DASC exhibits excellent selectivity and high current density, showing potential as a catalyst for industrial electrochemical CO2 reduction.

ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE-INTERNATIONAL EDITION (2022)

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Review Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Advanced Platinum-Based Oxygen Reduction Electrocatalysts for Fuel Cells

Lei Huang et al.

Summary: Fuel cells are cutting-edge energy technologies hindered by expensive Pt catalysts for the ORR at the cathode. Efforts are focused on optimizing Pt-based nanostructures and functional carriers to achieve low-cost and high-activity catalysts. Improved Pt utilization and surface area, reduced consumption and costs, and enhanced stability are key factors for commercializing fuel cells.

ACCOUNTS OF CHEMICAL RESEARCH (2021)

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Review Nanoscience & Nanotechnology

Challenges in applying highly active Pt-based nanostructured catalysts for oxygen reduction reactions to fuel cell vehicles

Kensaku Kodama et al.

Summary: Progress has been made in the development of Pt-based nanocatalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction over the past 30 years, with some now in commercial production for PEFCs. However, further improvements in catalytic activity are needed. State-of-the-art catalysts have potential to enhance energy conversion efficiencies and reduce platinum usage in PEFCs, but technical challenges remain for their application in fuel cell vehicles, such as high power density, practical durability, and efficiency.

NATURE NANOTECHNOLOGY (2021)

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Review Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Oxygen Reduction Electrocatalysts toward Practical Fuel Cells: Progress and Perspectives

Shahid Zaman et al.

Summary: Fuel cells show great potential as a renewable energy technology, but face challenges due to high cost and poor reliability of cathodic electrocatalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). This review emphasizes recent progress of ORR electrocatalysts in fuel cells and highlights issues with activity translation from laboratory testing to practical applications. Future efforts should focus on large-scale preparation, unified assessment criteria, advanced interpretation techniques, advanced simulation and artificial intelligence to advance efficient ORR electrocatalysts in fuel cells.

ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE-INTERNATIONAL EDITION (2021)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Sulfur-anchoring synthesis of platinum intermetallic nanoparticle catalysts for fuel cells

Cheng-Long Yang et al.

Summary: Atomically ordered intermetallic nanoparticles show promise for catalytic applications, with platinum intermetallics synthesized on porous sulfur-doped carbon supports demonstrating high activity and resistance to metal sintering. The intermetallic libraries of small nanoparticles exhibit high mass efficiency in proton-exchange-membrane fuel cells, achieving significant activity levels.

SCIENCE (2021)

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Review Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Recent Advances in Electrocatalysts for Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells and Alkaline Membrane Fuel Cells

Fei Xiao et al.

Summary: The article summarizes the current development status of PEMFCs and AMFCs, including electrocatalyst design, catalyst layer optimization, and cell performance. It discusses and compares the activity, stability, and fuel cell performance of different types of electrocatalysts for the oxygen reduction and hydrogen oxidation reactions, while also exploring research directions for further development.

ADVANCED MATERIALS (2021)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Direct integration of ultralow-platinum alloy into nanocarbon architectures for efficient oxygen reduction in fuel cells

Shahid Zaman et al.

Summary: Efficient platinum-based electrocatalysts are crucial for fuel cells, and an integrated electrocatalyst of ultralow-Pt alloy encapsulated into nitrogen-doped nanocarbon architecture has been developed for efficient oxygen reduction reaction. The hybrid Pt-based catalyst shows excellent mass activity and stability, with potential practical applications in the future.

SCIENCE BULLETIN (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Pyrolysis-Free Synthesized Catalyst towards Acidic Oxygen Reduction by Deprotonation

Ying Zang et al.

Summary: The research team successfully synthesized a catalyst for oxygen reduction in acidic conditions using a pyrolysis-free route, achieving outstanding performance and stability. This finding provides new insights into optimizing catalysts for practical applications and mechanistic studies.

ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE-INTERNATIONAL EDITION (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Dynamic Behavior of Single-Atom Catalysts in Electrocatalysis: Identification of Cu-N-3 as an Active Site for the Oxygen Reduction Reaction

Ji Yang et al.

Summary: Atomically dispersed Cu-N-C single-atom catalysts with Cu2+-N-4 structure exhibit comparable activity and superior durability to Pt/C in the electrochemical reduction of oxygen. The dynamic evolution of Cu-N-4 to Cu-N-3 and further to HO-Cu-N-2 under ORR conditions is identified, with the low-coordinated Cu+-N-3 being determined as the real active site. The findings may guide the design of more efficient low-cost catalysts.

JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Physical

Chemical vapour deposition of Fe-N-C oxygen reduction catalysts with full utilization of dense Fe-N4 sites

Li Jiao et al.

Summary: Replacing scarce and expensive platinum with metal-nitrogen-carbon (M-N-C) catalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction in proton exchange membrane fuel cells has been impeded by the low active site density and site utilization of M-N-C. These limitations have now been overcome by implementing trans-metalation of Zn-N-4 sites into Fe-N-4 sites.

NATURE MATERIALS (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Rigorous assessment of CO2 electroreduction products in a flow cell

Zhuang-Zhuang Niu et al.

Summary: The study highlights the potential of flow-cell reactors in enhancing the efficiency of CO2 reduction reaction, but emphasizes the need for a standard testing methodology to ensure accurate product detection and fair performance comparisons. Through systematic experiments, the study identifies commonly overlooked factors in product measurements and proposes a modified testing system for accurate assessment of CO2RR products in flow cells.

ENERGY & ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Comparative life cycle assessment of electrochemical upgrading of CO2 to fuels and feedstocks

Shariful Kibria Nabil et al.

Summary: Development of electrochemical pathways for converting CO2 into valuable products has been rapidly progressing in the past decade. A comparative life cycle assessment was conducted to evaluate one-step and two-step electrochemical conversion of CO2, revealing that the two-step electrosynthesis pathways are more compelling in terms of climate benefits. The carbon intensity of electrosynthesis products is primarily influenced by the significant energy requirements for conversion and product separation phases.

GREEN CHEMISTRY (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Physical