Cerebral Small Vessel Disease Burden Predicts Neurodegeneration and Clinical Progression in Prodromal Alzheimer's Disease

Article Clinical Neurology

Contribution of Alzheimer's biomarkers and risk factors to cognitive impairment and decline across the Alzheimer's disease continuum

Duygu Tosun et al.

Summary: Aβ, tau, and neurodegeneration have significant impacts on cognitive impairment and cognitive decline, while AD risk factors also play an important role in affecting disease progression.

ALZHEIMERS & DEMENTIA (2022)

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Article Clinical Neurology

Cerebral amyloid-β load is associated with neurodegeneration and gliosis: Mediation by p-tau and interactions with risk factors early in the Alzheimer's continuum

Gemma Salvado et al.

Summary: The study found that in cognitively unimpaired individuals, amyloid-beta was positively associated with CSF biomarkers related to various pathological processes, with these associations being influenced by factors such as age and sex. Most of these associations were mediated by p-tau, except for NfL. Sex had a modifier effect on these associations independent of tau.

ALZHEIMERS & DEMENTIA (2021)

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Review Medicine, General & Internal

Alzheimer's disease

Philip Scheltens et al.

Summary: Alzheimer's disease is projected to see a significant increase in prevalence in the future, with genetics playing a key role. Novel biomarkers and lifestyle-based prevention trials show promising therapeutic potential. Promising pharmacological treatments are advancing in clinical trials, targeting amyloid beta, tau, and inflammation.

LANCET (2021)

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Article Psychiatry

Plasma phosphorylated-tau181 as a predictive biomarker for Alzheimer's amyloid, tau and FDG PET status

Xue-Ning Shen et al.

Summary: Plasma phosphorylated-tau181 (p-tau181) shows potential as a marker for Alzheimer's pathology in the brain, correlating significantly with amyloid, tau, and FDG PET biomarkers. Combining plasma p-tau181 with clinical information improves diagnostic accuracy. Abnormal plasma p-tau181 levels at baseline are associated with a higher risk of pathological progression in brain amyloid and FDG PET status. Plasma p-tau181 may serve as a sensitive screening test and predictive biomarker for Alzheimer's pathophysiology.

TRANSLATIONAL PSYCHIATRY (2021)

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Review Pathology

Cerebral Small Vessel Disease in Sporadic and Familial Alzheimer Disease

Rajesh N. Kalaria et al.

Summary: Small vessel disease (SVD) features may be one of the factors affecting both sporadic and familial Alzheimer disease (AD), as neuroimaging studies suggest SVD frequently occurs in the AD spectrum. Incorporating SVD as a biomarker in the biological definition of AD may help in understanding the disease better, while reducing the risk of vascular disease seems to be the only rational approach to tackle both early- and late-onset AD dementia.

AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY (2021)

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Review Physiology

Is Oxidative Stress the Link Between Cerebral Small Vessel Disease, Sleep Disruption, and Oligodendrocyte Dysfunction in the Onset of Alzheimer's Disease?

Ana Lloret et al.

Summary: Oxidative stress plays a crucial role in the early development of Alzheimer's disease and is associated with cerebral small vessel disease. Endothelial cells are involved in oxidative stress and affect oligodendrocytes which are susceptible to oxidation.

FRONTIERS IN PHYSIOLOGY (2021)

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Article Clinical Neurology

Association of Plasma Neurofilament Light With Small Vessel Disease Burden in Nondemented Elderly A Longitudinal Study

Yi Qu et al.

Summary: The study found that plasma NfL levels can serve as an effective marker for monitoring the progression of cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD) among nondemented individuals. Higher NfL levels were associated with greater CSVD burden, and dynamic increases in NfL levels may predict a more significant progression of CSVD.

STROKE (2021)

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Article Clinical Neurology