Journal
JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY
Volume 71, Issue 12, Pages 4851-4862Publisher
AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c08864
Keywords
Areca catechu L; flavonoid; metabolomic; transcriptomic; glycosyltransferase; transcription factor
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In this study, untargeted metabolomics and transcriptome analysis were used to investigate the flavonoid biosynthetic pathway in Areca catechu. The results identified 331 metabolites, including 107 flavonoids, and identified 6119 differentially expressed genes. Furthermore, the study identified 36 genes and transcription factors involved in the biosynthesis and regulation of flavonoids in A. catechu. Overall, this study provides a foundation for further research on flavonoid biosynthesis in A. catechu.
Areca catechu L., of the Arecaceae family, is widely distributed in tropical Asia. In A. catechu, the extracts and compounds, including flavonoids, have various pharmacological activities. Although there are many studies of flavonoids, the molecular mechanism of their biosynthesis and regulation remains unclear in A. catechu. In this study, 331 metabolites were identified from the root, stem, and leaf of A. catechu using untargeted metabolomics, including 107 flavonoids, 71 lipids, 44 amino acids and derivatives, and 33 alkaloids. The transcriptome analysis identified 6119 differentially expressed genes, and some were enriched in the flavonoid pathway. To analyze the biosynthetic mechanism of the metabolic differences in A. catechu tissues, 36 genes were identified through combined transcriptomic and metabolomic analysis, in which glycosyltransferase genes Acat_15g017010 and Acat_16g013670 were annotated as being involved in the glycosylation of kaempferol and chrysin by their expression and in vitro activities. Flavonoid biosynthesis could be regulated by the transcription factors, AcMYB5 and AcMYB194. This study laid a foundation for further research on the flavonoid biosynthetic pathway of A. catechu.
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