Uptake, Translocation, and Terminal Residue of Chlorantraniliprole and Difenoconazole in Rice: Effect of the Mixed-Application with Adjuvant

Plant oil adjuvants are widely used to improve the utilization rate of pesticides. In this study, the uptake, translocation, and terminal residue of chlorantraniliprole and difenoconazole spraying with plant oil adjuvant in rice (Oryza sativa L.) were evaluated. After being mixed with the tank-mixed plant oil adjuvant, the cuticular wax of rice leaf was destroyed, which decreased the hydrophobicity of the rice leaf and facilitated the wetting, spreading, and penetration of pesticides onto the rice leaf. Additionally, the adjuvant promoted the translocation of difenoconazole from leaves to stems, but had little effect on the translocation of difenoconazole from leaves to roots, while inhibiting chlorantraniliprole translocation. Although adjuvant increased the initial deposition of chlorantraniliprole and difenoconazole on rice, the terminal residue was not significantly affected. The findings can promote the safe use of chlorantraniliprole and difenoconazole in rice production, especially when used with plant oil adjuvants. In the future, studies on more rice cultivars will be necessary to determine the generality of the conclusions.

Automated summary

This study evaluated the effects of spraying chlorantraniliprole and difenoconazole with plant oil adjuvant on uptake, translocation, and terminal residue in rice. The adjuvant destroyed the cuticular wax of rice leaf, facilitating pesticide penetration. It promoted the translocation of difenoconazole from leaves to stems and inhibited chlorantraniliprole translocation. Although the adjuvant increased initial deposition, it did not significantly affect terminal residue. The findings promote the safe use of these pesticides in rice production, especially with plant oil adjuvants. Further studies on different rice cultivars are needed for generalization.