Multifunctional Metal-Organic Framework (MOF)-Based Nanoplatforms for Crop Protection and Growth Promotion

Phytopathogen, pest, weed, and nutrient deficiency cause severe losses to global crop yields every year. As the core engine, agrochemicals drive the continuous development of modern agriculture to meet the demand for agricultural productivity and increase the environmental burden due to inefficient use. With new advances in nanotechnology, introducing nanomaterials into agriculture to realize agrochemical accurate and targeted delivery has brought new opportunities to support the sustainable development of green agriculture. Metal-Organic frameworks (MOFs), which weave metal ions/clusters and organic ligands into porous frameworks, have exhibited significant advantages in constructing biotic/abiotic stimuli-responsive nanoplatforms for controlled agrochemical delivery. This review emphasizes the recent developments of MOF-based nanoplatforms for crop protection, including phytopathogen, pest, and weed control, and crop growth promotion, including fertilizer/plant hormone delivery. Finally, forward-looking perspectives and challenges on MOF-based nanoplatforms for future applications in crop protection and growth promotion are also discussed.

Automated summary

Phytopathogens, pests, weeds, and nutrient deficiencies are major causes of crop losses worldwide. Agrochemicals play a crucial role in modern agriculture but also contribute to environmental burden due to inefficient use. By introducing nanomaterials into agriculture, nanotechnology offers new opportunities for precise and targeted delivery of agrochemicals, supporting sustainable development in green agriculture. Metal-Organic frameworks (MOFs) have shown great potential in constructing stimuli-responsive nanoplatforms for controlled agrochemical delivery. This review focuses on the recent advancements of MOF-based nanoplatforms in crop protection and growth promotion, including control of phytopathogens, pests, and weeds, and delivery of fertilizers and plant hormones. The challenges and future prospects of MOF-based nanoplatforms in crop protection and growth promotion are also discussed.