VE-Cadherin in Cancer-Associated Angiogenesis: A Deceptive Strategy of Blood Vessel Formation

Tumor growth depends on the vascular system, either through the expansion of blood vessels or novel adaptation by tumor cells. One of these novel pathways is vasculogenic mimicry (VM), which is defined as a tumor-provided vascular system apart from endothelial cell-lined vessels, and its origin is partly unknown. It involves highly aggressive tumor cells expressing endothelial cell markers that line the tumor irrigation. VM has been correlated with high tumor grade, cancer cell invasion, cancer cell metastasis, and reduced survival of cancer patients. In this review, we summarize the most relevant studies in the field of angiogenesis and cover the various aspects and functionality of aberrant angiogenesis by tumor cells. We also discuss the intracellular signaling mechanisms involved in the abnormal presence of VE-cadherin (CDH5) and its role in VM formation. Finally, we present the implications for the paradigm of tumor angiogenesis and how targeted therapy and individualized studies can be applied in scientific analysis and clinical settings.

Automated summary

Tumor growth can be facilitated by the expansion of blood vessels or the development of vasculogenic mimicry (VM), a novel pathway involving aggressive tumor cells expressing endothelial cell markers. VM is associated with high tumor grade, cancer cell invasion, metastasis, and reduced survival. This review summarizes studies on angiogenesis and aberrant angiogenesis by tumor cells, discusses the intracellular signaling mechanisms involved in VM formation, and explores the implications for tumor angiogenesis and targeted therapy.