Journal
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
Volume 24, Issue 9, Pages -Publisher
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/ijms24098191
Keywords
cinnamon; cinnamaldehyde; colorectal cancer; apoptosis; cytotoxicity; MUDENG
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This study investigated the effects of cinnamaldehyde-rich cinnamon extract (CRCE) on colorectal cancer cell lines HCT 116 and HT-29. The results showed that CRCE inhibited cell proliferation and migration, induced cell apoptosis, and activated apoptotic proteins. In addition, CRCE also induced mitochondrial stress.
Cinnamon is a natural spice with a wide range of pharmacological functions, including anti-microbial, antioxidant, and anti-tumor activities. The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of cinnamaldehyde-rich cinnamon extract (CRCE) on the colorectal cancer cell lines HCT 116 and HT-29. The gas chromatography mass spectrometry analysis of a lipophilic extract of cinnamon revealed the dominance of trans-cinnamaldehyde. Cells treated with CRCE (10-60 mu g/mL) showed significantly decreased cell viability in a time- and dose-dependent manner. We also observed that cell proliferation and migration capacity were inhibited in CRCE-treated cells. In addition, a remarkable increase in the number of sub-G(1)-phase cells was observed with arrest at the G(2) phase by CRCE treatment. CRCE also induced mitochondrial stress, and finally, CRCE treatment resulted in activation of apoptotic proteins Caspase-3, -9, and PARP and decreased levels of mu-2-related death-inducing gene protein expression with BH3-interacting domain death agonist (BID) activation.
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