Burns: Classification, Pathophysiology, and Treatment: A Review

Burns and their treatment are a significant medical problem. The loss of the physical barrier function of the skin opens the door to microbial invasion and can lead to infection. The repair process of the damage caused by the burn is impaired due to the enhanced loss of fluids and minerals through the burn wound, the onset of hypermetabolism with the concomitant disruption of nutrient supply, and derangements in the endocrine system. In addition, the initiated inflammatory and free radical processes drive the progression of oxidative stress, the inhibition of which largely depends on an adequate supply of antioxidants and minerals. Clinical experience and research provide more and more data to make the treatment of patients with thermal injury increasingly effective. The publication discusses disorders occurring in patients after thermal injury and the methods used at various stages of treatment.

Automated summary

Burns and their treatment pose a significant medical problem due to the compromised skin barrier function, which can lead to infection. The repair process is hindered by fluid and mineral loss, hypermetabolism, disrupted nutrient supply, and endocrine system disturbances. Inflammatory and free radical processes further escalate oxidative stress, which can be mitigated by adequate antioxidants and minerals. Clinical experience and research continually improve the efficacy of thermal injury treatment. This publication discusses disorders and treatment methods at different stages of thermal injury.