Curcumin nanocapsules effect in apoptotic processes, gene expression, and cell cycle on Hep-G2 cell lines

ObjectivesCurcumin has antioxidant and antiproliferative properties, and its therapeutic effect must be considered. Nanocurcumin capsules showed a potential increase against in vitro biological cancer. This study sought to determine how curcumin nanoparticles and nanocapsules affected the expression of p53, Bcl-2, Bax, and Bax in a liver cancer cell line (Hep-G2). Mechanisms of apoptosis were also examined in this cell line.MethodsThis study used quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) to analyze the p53, Bcl-2, Bax, and Caspase-3 gene pathways and to evaluate the molecular mechanisms responsible for the efficacy of curcumin nanoparticles (CNPs) and curcumin nanocapsules (CNCs) against liver cell lines. Flow cytometry was used to check for signs of apoptosis and the cell cycle.ResultsCurcumin nanocapsules produced by the ball milling process at 90 min significantly boosted the populations of apoptotic cells in a dose- and time-dependent manner. The mRNA expression analysis revealed that the proapoptotic Bax, Caspase-3, and the tumor suppressor gene p53 were upregulated throughout the process started by curcumin nanocapsules and decreased in the Bcl-2/Bax ratio.ConclusionThis research provides a fresh understanding of the molecular mechanisms behind the liver cancer-fighting abilities of curcumin nanoparticles. Curcumin nanocapsules produced through a unique mechanical technique can be used as an anticancer agent.

Automated summary

This study investigated the effects of curcumin nanoparticles and nanocapsules on the expression of p53, Bcl-2, Bax, and Caspase-3 genes in a liver cancer cell line. Results showed that curcumin nanocapsules increased the population of apoptotic cells and upregulated proapoptotic genes while decreasing the Bcl-2/Bax ratio.