4.7 Article

Facile synthesis of carbon/titanium oxide quantum dots from lignocellulose-rich mandarin orange peel extract via microwave irradiation: Synthesis, characterization and bio-imaging application

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DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.124546

Keywords

Biosynthesis; Citrus peel; Lignocellulosic biomass; Microwave-assisted synthesis; Carbon; TiO 2 NPs; In -vitro L929 cell viability

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A nanohybrid prepared from lignocellulosic residue was used to synthesize blue light emitting fluorescent doped TiO2 quantum dot nanocomposite (C-TiO2 QDs) through microwave techniques. The synthesized C-TiO2 QDs exhibited outstanding stability and excellent biocompatibility, making them suitable for bioimaging applications.
A nanohybrid prepared from the lignocellulosic residue is a feasible approach to synthesize blue light emitting fluorescent doped TiO2 quantum dot nanocomposite (C-TiO2 QDs) by microwave techniques using Mandarin orange (Citrus reticulata) peel powder with titanium isopropoxide precursors. With a greater orange peel colloidal medium, the structure of the TiO2-NPs changed from a mixture of rutile and anatase phases to exclusively the anatase phase. The optical and morphological properties of as-prepared C-TiO2 QDs were characterized by HRTEM, XRD, FT-IR, UV-visible, PL spectra, DLS, and Zeta potential techniques. The reaction condition was optimized by changing substrate composition, pH, and reaction time. C-TiO2 QDs exhibit outstanding stability at pH 7 and remain sustained for at least 180 days without aggregation. As prepared C-TiO2 QDs have distinct emission and excitation activities with an average particle size of 2.8 nm. Cell viability was performed on normal L929 cells, where it showed excellent biocompatibility (<90 %) even at the concentration of 200 mu g/mL after 24 h treatment. Additionally, the synthesized C-TiO2 QDs were used with L929 cells as a fluorescent probe for bioimaging applications. The results revealed that neither of the cell lines' morphologies had significantly changed, proving the biocompatibility of the synthetic C-TiO2 QDs.

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