Phylogeny, transcriptional profile, and auxin-induced phosphorylation modification characteristics of conserved PIN proteins in Moso bamboo (Phyllostachys edulis)

Auxin polar transport is an important way for auxin to exercise its function, and auxin plays an irreplaceable role in the rapid growth of Moso bamboo. We identified and performed the structural analysis of PIN-FORMED auxin efflux carriers in Moso bamboo and obtained a total of 23 PhePIN genes from five gene subfamilies. We also performed chromosome localization and intra- and inter-species synthesis analysis. Phylogenetic analyses of 216 PIN genes showed that PIN genes are relatively conserved in the evolution of the Bambusoideae and have undergone intra-family segment replication in Moso bamboo. The PIN genes' transcriptional patterns showed that the PIN1 subfamily plays a major regulatory role. PIN genes and auxin biosynthesis maintain a high degree of consistency in spatial and temporal distribution. Phosphoproteomics analysis identified many phosphorylated protein kinases that respond to auxin regulation through autophosphorylation and phosphorylation of PIN proteins. The protein interaction network showed that there is a plant hormone interaction regulatory network with PIN protein as the core. We provide a comprehensive PIN protein analysis that complements the auxin regulatory pathway in Moso bamboo and paves the way for further auxin regulatory studies in bamboo.

Automated summary

Auxin polar transport is crucial for the function of auxin in Moso bamboo. We investigated the PIN-FORMED auxin efflux carriers in Moso bamboo and identified 23 PhePIN genes. Phylogenetic analysis revealed the conservation of PIN genes in Bambusoideae evolution and intra-family segment replication in Moso bamboo. The transcriptional patterns of PIN genes and auxin biosynthesis showed consistent spatial and temporal distribution. Analysis of phosphorylated protein kinases and protein interaction network highlighted the regulatory role of PIN proteins in auxin signaling. This comprehensive analysis provides insights into auxin regulation pathway in Moso bamboo.