The therapeutic potential for senescence-associated diabetes of green alga Enteromorpha prolifera polysaccharide

DEAE-52 and Sephadex G-100 columns were used to isolate Enteromorpha prolifera polysaccharide (EPP), which contains alpha-L-Rhap-(1 -> 4)-alpha-L-Arap-(1 -> 2)-alpha-L-Rhap-(1 -> 3)-beta-D-Galp-(1 -> structural fragment, along with alpha-L-Rhap-(1 -> and -> 2)-alpha-L-Rhap-(1 -> 3)-beta-D-GlcpA-(1 -> side bonds that connect to -> 3,6)-beta-D-Galp-(1 ->. The anti -ageing and hypoglycemic activities of EPP were assessed using an ageing diabetic mice model, and the revealed that EPP could improve glucose metabolism-associated parameters and inhibit the expression of ageing associ-ated genes, including p16INK4a, p38 MAPK, NOX-1, VEGF, and AGER, thus preventing liver damage. Moreover, gut microbiota profiling revealed that EPP significantly increased the abundances of o_Lactobacillaceae, c_Bacilli, f_Lactobacillaceae, g_Lactobacillus, and p_Firmicutes, showing that EPP has a probiotic effect on enhancing the beneficial microbiota in ageing diabetic mice. In summary, EPP might serve as a potential bioactive compound to alleviate hyperglycaemia and ageing in diabetic in mice and further clinical studies are required to verify these effects.

Automated summary

DEAE-52 and Sephadex G-100 columns were utilized to separate Enteromorpha prolifera polysaccharide (EPP) with specific structural fragments. The properties of EPP were evaluated in an ageing diabetic mice model, revealing its potential in improving glucose metabolism and inhibiting the expression of ageing-associated genes. Additionally, EPP showed a probiotic effect on enhancing beneficial microbiota in the gut. Clinical studies are needed to verify these effects.