Journal
IMMUNOLOGICAL REVIEWS
Volume 316, Issue 1, Pages 84-103Publisher
WILEY
DOI: 10.1111/imr.13202
Keywords
CD8+T cell immunity; human challenge models; liver-stage immunity; malaria; malaria vaccines; mouse models of malaria
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Nearly half of the world's population is at risk of malaria, causing millions of infections and deaths annually. The emergence of drug-resistant parasites highlights the need for more effective vaccines. Studies on whole sporozoite vaccination have identified CD8+ T cells as critical for liver-stage immunity, but more research is needed to design effective vaccines.
Nearly half of the world's population is at risk of malaria, a disease caused by the protozoan parasite Plasmodium, which is estimated to cause more than 240,000,000 infections and kill more than 600,000 people annually. The emergence of Plasmodia resistant to chemoprophylactic treatment highlights the urgency to develop more effective vaccines. In this regard, whole sporozoite vaccination approaches in murine models and human challenge studies have provided substantial insight into the immune correlates of protection from malaria. From these studies, CD8+ T cells have come to the forefront, being identified as critical for vaccine-mediated liver-stage immunity that can prevent the establishment of the symptomatic blood stages and subsequent transmission of infection. However, the unique biological characteristics required for CD8+ T cell protection from liver-stage malaria dictate that more work must be done to design effective vaccines. In this review, we will highlight a subset of studies that reveal basic aspects of memory CD8+ T cell-mediated protection from liver-stage malaria infection.
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