Adaptive Dual Droop Control of MTDC Integrated Offshore Wind Farms for Fast Frequency Support

This paper proposes an adaptive dual droop control (ADDC) scheme, it can provide the disturbed onshore system with fast frequency support from both other undisturbed onshore systems, and voltage source converter-based multi-terminal direct current (VSC-MTDC) integrated offshore wind farms (OWFs). With conventional droop control at onshore converters, the DC voltage and power flow will change once frequency events occur, it will lead to frequency variations in other undisturbed systems. The proposed ADDC scheme firstly detects the disturbed and undisturbed systems, and then makes the undisturbed onshore system provide more frequency support power, while ensuring safe operation by settling the support power limitation and regulating the droop coefficients. Moreover, the offshore stations will estimate the onshore DC voltage as the control signal for fast frequency support. After that, the OWFs will recover their rotor speed with an asymptotic control scheme to reduce the second frequency drop. Case studies are carried out on 3-terminal and 5-terminal test systems, and the Opal-RT real-time simulation platform, respectively. Different control schemes are compared, and the parameter uncertainty and noise disturbance are considered to illustrate the performance and effectiveness of the proposed ADDC scheme.

Automated summary

This paper presents an adaptive dual droop control (ADDC) scheme that enables onshore systems to provide fast frequency support to disturbed onshore systems and voltage source converter-based multi-terminal direct current (VSC-MTDC) integrated offshore wind farms (OWFs). The proposed scheme detects disturbed and undisturbed systems and facilitates more frequency support power from undisturbed onshore systems, while ensuring safe operation by regulating the droop coefficients. Additionally, the offshore stations estimate onshore DC voltage as a control signal for fast frequency support, and the OWFs recover rotor speed with an asymptotic control scheme to reduce frequency drops.