3D N-doped carbon derived from zeolitic imidazole framework as heterogeneous catalysts for decomposition of pulp and paper mill effluent: Optimization and kinetics study

Three specific catalysts, namely ZIF-67 (zeolitic imidazolate framework-67), Co@NCF (Co@Nitrogen-Doped Carbon Framework), and 3D NCF (Three-Dimensional Nitrogen-Doped Carbon Framework), were prepared and studied for pulp and paper mill effluent degradation using heterogeneous activation of peroxymonosulfate (PMS). Numerous characterizations, including scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and N2 adsorption, were used to characterize the properties of three different catalysts. 3D NCF is remarkably effective at heterogeneous activation of PMS to generate sulfate radicals to degrade pulp and paper mill effluent (PPME) compared to the other as-prepared catalysts. The catalytic activity reveals a sequence of 3D NCF > Co@NCF > ZIF-67.3D NCF could degrade organic pollutants in 30 min at an initial COD concentration of 1146 mg/L of PPME, 0.2 g/L catalysts, 2 g/L PMS, and 50 degrees C. Consequently, it was observed that the degradation of PPME using 3D NCF followed first-order kinetics, with an activation energy of 40.54 kJ mol(-1). Overall, 3D NCF/PMS system reveals promising performance for PPME removal.

Automated summary

Three specific catalysts, ZIF-67, Co@NCF, and 3D NCF, were prepared and studied for the degradation of pulp and paper mill effluent using peroxymonosulfate activation. Various characterizations were used to study the properties of the catalysts. Among the prepared catalysts, 3D NCF exhibited remarkable effectiveness in generating sulfate radicals to degrade the effluent. The catalytic activity of the catalysts followed the sequence of 3D NCF > Co@NCF > ZIF-67. In the presence of 0.2 g/L catalysts, 2 g/L PMS, and at 50 degrees C, 3D NCF could degrade organic pollutants in 30 minutes at an initial COD concentration of 1146 mg/L. The degradation of the effluent using 3D NCF followed first-order kinetics with an activation energy of 40.54 kJ mol(-1). Overall, the 3D NCF/PMS system shows promising performance for the removal of pulp and paper mill effluent.