Numerical Investigation of the Enhanced Stirring Characteristics of a Multi-Lance Top-Blowing Continuous Converting Furnace for Lance Arrangement and Variable-Velocity Blowing

Oxygen lances are key equipment for copper converters. The effect of the lance arrangement on the mixing of a gas-slag two-phase is discussed using numerical simulation and experimental verification with a water model, and the stirring characteristics enhanced by variable-velocity blowing are explored. The results showed that the single-row lance arrangement (SA) increased the average velocity in the slag phase by 17.93% and reduced the disturbance to the metal phase by 27.78% compared to the double-row lance arrangement (DA). Compared to the constant-velocity blowing system (CSB), the sine-wave blowing system (SWB) and rectangular-wave blowing system (RWB) increased the average velocity in the slag phase by 24.03% and 13.96%, respectively, and reduced the proportion of the low-velocity area by more than 46.2%. The velocity imbalance in the SA local area enhances the mixing of the gas-slag two-phase. The variable-speed blowing improves the mass transfer and mixing effect.

Automated summary

The effect of oxygen lance arrangement on gas-slag mixing in copper converters was investigated using numerical simulation and experimental verification with a water model. The study also explored the stirring characteristics enhanced by variable-velocity blowing. The results showed that the single-row lance arrangement increased slag velocity by 17.93% and reduced disturbance to the metal phase by 27.78% compared to the double-row arrangement.