A novel transmission system protection scheme using optimal wide-area measurements

This paper proposes a generalized backup protection scheme which is also suitable for series compensated lines with certain limitations. The scheme utilizes optimal wide-area synchronized or unsynchronized measurement data provided by phasor data concentrator (PDC). Series compensated line faults might result in maloperation of distance relays due to positive-or negative-sequence voltage or current inversion situation. The proposed scheme possesses greater sensitivity and selectivity to operate relaying schemes in more dependable and secured manner. The scheme utilizes optimal wide-area phasor measurement data. The optimized positive -and negative-sequence voltage and current phasor measurement data are utilized to derive incremental impedance based index (IIBI). The scheme is immune to synchronization error due to communication delay or loss of global positioning system (GPS) signal. The proposed method is simulated for different fault and power swing scenarios in IEEE-39 bus system on EMTP-RV and computational analysis is carried out in MATLAB/Simulink platform. Measurement inaccuracy and line parameter uncertainty have been considered for evaluating the performance. The scheme is verified for series compensated line in 4-bus system through OPAL-RT real-time powergrid simulator successfully. Performance is investigated for faults in compensated line with different compensation levels, fault locations and fault resistances. The results corroborate the effectiveness and superiority of the proposed scheme over recently proposed wide-area backup protection (WABP) schemes in the literature.

Automated summary

This paper proposes a generalized backup protection scheme suitable for series compensated lines. The scheme uses optimal wide-area synchronized or unsynchronized measurement data provided by a phasor data concentrator (PDC). It has been verified through simulation and computational analysis that the proposed scheme is immune to synchronization errors and exhibits better performance compared to existing schemes in the literature.